Diseño de dispositivo bastón electrónico y procedimiento clínico avanzado para monitoreo continuo de la rehabilitación de marcha con mayor efectividad clínica

• Autor: Barriga Hoyle, Javier Augusto
• Formato: tesis de maestría
• Fecha de Publicación: 2024
• Institución: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
• Repositorio: PUCP-Tesis
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:tesis.pucp.edu.pe:20.500.12404/30029
• Enlace del recurso: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/30029
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Trastornos de la marcha--Rehabilitación; Bastones--Innovaciones tecnológicas; Sistemas inalámbricos de comunicación--Aplicaciones médicas; https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#2.06.01

Throughout history, the ability to walk has been fundamental in human evolution, enabling exploration and adaptation to various environments. However, certain gait disorders resulting from injuries such as falls, cerebral palsy, strokes, or muscle injuries affect patients' ability to bear body weight and maintain balance while walking or standing. This underscores the urgent need for rehabilitation treatments that often involve the use of canes, walkers, tripods, or crutches. The current thesis project proposes the design of an electronic device integrated into a physical cane. This device aims to enhance motor rehabilitation of gait by collecting crucial data, such as the force applied to the cane, the angle of inclination, date, and time. Additionally, it allows wireless transfer of this data to a mobile phone or computer via Bluetooth. This approach facilitates analysis by the physician or occupational therapist, providing valuable information for making informed decisions regarding the recovery of muscle strength in the lower limbs, increasing functional stability, and improving the balance necessary for the patient's walking process. It is important to note that this electronic cane is specifically designed for patients in rehabilitation with the potential to regain walking ability. Those with neurological damage, such as stroke, Alzheimer's, or Parkinson's, as well as those with decompensated cardiovascular diseases, visual impairment, among other conditions, are excluded. Regarding the technical development of the electronic cane, contemporary devices and technologies are employed, such as the Freescale MK20DX256VLH7 microcontroller integrated into the Teensy 3.2 board, a MEMS acceleration sensor (ADXL345), a DS3231 real-time clock, a FlexiForce pressure sensor from Tekscan, an MCP6002 Opamp, and an HC-06 Bluetooth module for wireless communication of the microcontroller and transfer of stored data to mobile devices or computers. This project aims to significantly contribute to the rehabilitation process for patients by offering an innovative and technological tool that allows more precise and personalized monitoring of gait, facilitating more effective recovery and improving the quality of life for those facing gait disorders. The thesis is organized into four chapters. Chapter 1 describes the issue and clinical procedures for gait rehabilitation. Chapter 2 reviews procedures for gait rehabilitation, technology used in smart canes, as well as the physiology and biomechanics of walking. Chapter 3 details the design of the gait rehabilitation system based on the electronic cane. Finally, in Chapter 4, tests of the cane on voluntary participants, the developed software, and the obtained results are presented and analyzed.