Fetal macrosomia: Definition, Prediction, Risk and Prevention.

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Fetal macrosomia has been traditionally defined based on an arbitrary birthweight. However, fetal macrosomia is currently defined as a large for gestational age infant (>90 percentil) because of increased perinatal risk. This prospective investigation performed at San Bartolome's Hospital in...

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Autor: Pacora Portella, Percy
Formato: artículo
Fecha de Publicación:2015
Institución:Sociedad Peruana de Obstetricia y Ginecología
Repositorio:Revista SPOG - Revista Peruana de Ginecología y Obstetricia
Lenguaje:español
OAI Identifier:oai:ojs.spog:article/1633
Enlace del recurso:http://www.spog.org.pe/web/revista/index.php/RPGO/article/view/1633
Nivel de acceso:acceso abierto
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spelling Fetal macrosomia: Definition, Prediction, Risk and Prevention.Macrosomía fetal: Definición, Predicción, Riesgos y Prevención.Pacora Portella, PercyFetal macrosomia has been traditionally defined based on an arbitrary birthweight. However, fetal macrosomia is currently defined as a large for gestational age infant (>90 percentil) because of increased perinatal risk. This prospective investigation performed at San Bartolome's Hospital in Lima, Peru, included 1697 pregnant women from June 1990 to June 1993. 278 pregnant women had large infants (LGA) and 1 336 had normal sized infants. The predictor factors for LGA were: excessive weight gain (70%), male fetal sex (77%), placental width > 4 cm (74%), age over 30 years old (41,7%), obesity (33,5%), previous large infant (27%), fasting blood sugar > 79 mg/cIl (21,6%), 2h  post  prandial glucose > 110 mg/dl (20,7%), height > 160 cm (20%), familial diabetes (13,7%) and anemia (10, 1 %). The predictable maternal complications were: excessive weight gain, anemia, threatened abortion, placenta prove, polihydramnios, cord twist, arterial hypertensionassociated with premature rupture of membranes, dysfunctianal labor with prolonged second stage because of feto  pelvic disproportion and shoulder dystocia. We recomned to avoid and treat obesity before pregnancy, to discover risk factors at antenatal clinic and use caloric restriction, prophylactic insulin and induction of labor before 42 week of gestation in order to avoid fetal macrosomia.Tradicionalmente la macrosomía fetal ha sido definida en base a un peso arbitrario. Sin embargo, la macrosomía fetal actualmente debe ser definida como el feto grande para la edad de gestación ( > percentil 90) en base al incrementado riesgo perinatal que presenta. En un estudio prospectivo que incluyó 1 697 gestaciones simples, 278 tuvieron fetos macrosómicos (GEG) y 1 336 fueron fetos de tamaño adecuado (AEG). Los factores predictivos de GEG en orden de especificidad fueron: ganancia ponderal excesiva (70%), feto de sexo varón (77%), grosor placentario > 4 cm (74%), edad mayor de 30 años (41,7%), obesidad (33,5%), antecedente de feto grande (27%), glicemia en ayunas > 79 mg/dl (21,6%), glucosa posprandial a las 2 horas > 110 mg/dl (20,7%), talla > 160 cm (20%), diabetes familiar (113,7%) y anemia (10,1 %). Las complicaciones maternas que debieran hacernos pensar en macrosomía fetal son ganancia ponderal excesiva, anemia, amenaza de aborto, placenta previa, polihidramnios, circular de cordón, hipertensión arterial asociada con ruptura prematura de membranas, labor disfuncional con enfoque de riesgo y el empleo de medidas de restricción calórica, insulina profiláctica y la inducción del parto antes de la semana 42, a fin de prevenir la macrosomía fetal.Sociedad Peruana de Obstetricia y Ginecología2015-07-28info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://www.spog.org.pe/web/revista/index.php/RPGO/article/view/163310.31403/rpgo.v39i1633Revista Peruana de Ginecología y Obstetricia; Vol. 39, Núm. 17 (1993); 42-502304-51322304-5124reponame:Revista SPOG - Revista Peruana de Ginecología y Obstetriciainstname:Sociedad Peruana de Obstetricia y Ginecologíainstacron:SPOGspahttp://www.spog.org.pe/web/revista/index.php/RPGO/article/view/1633/pdf_173http://www.spog.org.pe/web/revista/index.php/RPGO/article/view/1633/pdf_174info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2021-05-31T15:51:43Zmail@mail.com -
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Fetal macrosomia: Definition, Prediction, Risk and Prevention.
Macrosomía fetal: Definición, Predicción, Riesgos y Prevención.
title Fetal macrosomia: Definition, Prediction, Risk and Prevention.
spellingShingle Fetal macrosomia: Definition, Prediction, Risk and Prevention.
Pacora Portella, Percy
title_short Fetal macrosomia: Definition, Prediction, Risk and Prevention.
title_full Fetal macrosomia: Definition, Prediction, Risk and Prevention.
title_fullStr Fetal macrosomia: Definition, Prediction, Risk and Prevention.
title_full_unstemmed Fetal macrosomia: Definition, Prediction, Risk and Prevention.
title_sort Fetal macrosomia: Definition, Prediction, Risk and Prevention.
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Pacora Portella, Percy
author Pacora Portella, Percy
author_facet Pacora Portella, Percy
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv

dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Fetal macrosomia has been traditionally defined based on an arbitrary birthweight. However, fetal macrosomia is currently defined as a large for gestational age infant (>90 percentil) because of increased perinatal risk. This prospective investigation performed at San Bartolome's Hospital in Lima, Peru, included 1697 pregnant women from June 1990 to June 1993. 278 pregnant women had large infants (LGA) and 1 336 had normal sized infants. The predictor factors for LGA were: excessive weight gain (70%), male fetal sex (77%), placental width > 4 cm (74%), age over 30 years old (41,7%), obesity (33,5%), previous large infant (27%), fasting blood sugar > 79 mg/cIl (21,6%), 2h  post  prandial glucose > 110 mg/dl (20,7%), height > 160 cm (20%), familial diabetes (13,7%) and anemia (10, 1 %). The predictable maternal complications were: excessive weight gain, anemia, threatened abortion, placenta prove, polihydramnios, cord twist, arterial hypertensionassociated with premature rupture of membranes, dysfunctianal labor with prolonged second stage because of feto  pelvic disproportion and shoulder dystocia. We recomned to avoid and treat obesity before pregnancy, to discover risk factors at antenatal clinic and use caloric restriction, prophylactic insulin and induction of labor before 42 week of gestation in order to avoid fetal macrosomia.
Tradicionalmente la macrosomía fetal ha sido definida en base a un peso arbitrario. Sin embargo, la macrosomía fetal actualmente debe ser definida como el feto grande para la edad de gestación ( > percentil 90) en base al incrementado riesgo perinatal que presenta. En un estudio prospectivo que incluyó 1 697 gestaciones simples, 278 tuvieron fetos macrosómicos (GEG) y 1 336 fueron fetos de tamaño adecuado (AEG). Los factores predictivos de GEG en orden de especificidad fueron: ganancia ponderal excesiva (70%), feto de sexo varón (77%), grosor placentario > 4 cm (74%), edad mayor de 30 años (41,7%), obesidad (33,5%), antecedente de feto grande (27%), glicemia en ayunas > 79 mg/dl (21,6%), glucosa posprandial a las 2 horas > 110 mg/dl (20,7%), talla > 160 cm (20%), diabetes familiar (113,7%) y anemia (10,1 %). Las complicaciones maternas que debieran hacernos pensar en macrosomía fetal son ganancia ponderal excesiva, anemia, amenaza de aborto, placenta previa, polihidramnios, circular de cordón, hipertensión arterial asociada con ruptura prematura de membranas, labor disfuncional con enfoque de riesgo y el empleo de medidas de restricción calórica, insulina profiláctica y la inducción del parto antes de la semana 42, a fin de prevenir la macrosomía fetal.
description Fetal macrosomia has been traditionally defined based on an arbitrary birthweight. However, fetal macrosomia is currently defined as a large for gestational age infant (>90 percentil) because of increased perinatal risk. This prospective investigation performed at San Bartolome's Hospital in Lima, Peru, included 1697 pregnant women from June 1990 to June 1993. 278 pregnant women had large infants (LGA) and 1 336 had normal sized infants. The predictor factors for LGA were: excessive weight gain (70%), male fetal sex (77%), placental width > 4 cm (74%), age over 30 years old (41,7%), obesity (33,5%), previous large infant (27%), fasting blood sugar > 79 mg/cIl (21,6%), 2h  post  prandial glucose > 110 mg/dl (20,7%), height > 160 cm (20%), familial diabetes (13,7%) and anemia (10, 1 %). The predictable maternal complications were: excessive weight gain, anemia, threatened abortion, placenta prove, polihydramnios, cord twist, arterial hypertensionassociated with premature rupture of membranes, dysfunctianal labor with prolonged second stage because of feto  pelvic disproportion and shoulder dystocia. We recomned to avoid and treat obesity before pregnancy, to discover risk factors at antenatal clinic and use caloric restriction, prophylactic insulin and induction of labor before 42 week of gestation in order to avoid fetal macrosomia.
publishDate 2015
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dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Revista Peruana de Ginecología y Obstetricia; Vol. 39, Núm. 17 (1993); 42-50
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