Due to its extensive use in various livestock production activities and its use in human health care, antibiotics have become an environmental problem that draws the attention of the scientific community. Several research works report their presence in different ecosystems compartments, as well as their impact in organisms that inhabit these ecosystems which are being investigated by this community; until now, it has been reported problems of bacterial resistance and damages at DNA level in living beings, among others; in this perspective it is necessary to perform monitoring in various environmental matrixes, in order to detect and quantify their presence, to have a better understanding of their long-term effects on living beings. In this sense, it addresses aspects that determine their presence in the ecosystem, as well as shows results of works evaluating their removal of contaminated...

The need to increase food production in the world is creating more extensive agricultural systems, featured by large scales of production, where the control of pest and weeds are made through the application of chemical products. Many of them belong to a technological package that is the case of glyphosate in the cultivation of transgenic soy; given its high efficiency in the control of invasive plants, however, residues of this product can contaminate several compartments of the ecosystem, the aquatic ecosystem being the most affected. Therefore, several adverse effects of this compound will be addressed to organisms that inhabit this ecosystem.

Due their physical end chemical properties, organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) have been occured the contamination the environment and food chain. The consume of this products at low concentration dose represent a potential hazards to human health. The QuEChERS method was adjusted and used for the determination of 12 organochlorine pesticides (α- BHC, β - BHC, heptachlor, dicofol, endosulfan lacton, OP DDD, α - endosulfan, OP DDE, PP DDE, β - endosulfan, PP DDD, endosulfan sulfate) residues in 36 strawberries samples from three markets of the Piracicaba/ Sao Paulo – Brazil, during the period of October 2010 until September 2011. The method involved extraction with ethyl acetate, solid–liquid partition with MgSO4 and CH3COONa followed by dSPE clean up with PSA sorbent. Analyses were carried out with GC–µECD equipment. A HP-5 30 m x 0.32mm x 0.25 µm column was used. The method wa...

Due to its extensive use in various livestock production activities and its use in human health care, antibiotics have become an environmental problem that draws the attention of the scientific community. Several research works report their presence in different ecosystems compartments, as well as their impact in organisms that inhabit these ecosystems which are being investigated by this community; until now, it has been reported problems of bacterial resistance and damages at DNA level in living beings, among others; in this perspective it is necessary to perform monitoring in various environmental matrixes, in order to detect and quantify their presence, to have a better understanding of their long-term effects on living beings. In this sense, it addresses aspects that determine their presence in the ecosystem, as well as shows results of works evaluating their removal of contaminated...

The need to increase food production in the world is creating more extensive agricultural systems, featured by large scales of production, where the control of pest and weeds are made through the application of chemical products. Many of them belong to a technological package that is the case of glyphosate in the cultivation of transgenic soy; given its high efficiency in the control of invasive plants, however, residues of this product can contaminate several compartments of the ecosystem, the aquatic ecosystem being the most affected. Therefore, several adverse effects of this compound will be addressed to organisms that inhabit this ecosystem.

Due their physical end chemical properties, organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) have been occured the contamination the environment and food chain. The consume of this products at low concentration dose represent a potential hazards to human health. The QuEChERS method was adjusted and used for the determination of 12 organochlorine pesticides (α- BHC, β - BHC, heptachlor, dicofol, endosulfan lacton, OP DDD, α - endosulfan, OP DDE, PP DDE, β - endosulfan, PP DDD, endosulfan sulfate) residues in 36 strawberries samples from three markets of the Piracicaba/ Sao Paulo – Brazil, during the period of October 2010 until September 2011. The method involved extraction with ethyl acetate, solid–liquid partition with MgSO4 and CH3COONa followed by dSPE clean up with PSA sorbent. Analyses were carried out with GC–µECD equipment. A HP-5 30 m x 0.32mm x 0.25 µm column was used. The method wa...

Due to its extensive use in various livestock production activities and its use in human health care, antibiotics have become an environmental problem that draws the attention of the scientific community. Several research works report their presence in different ecosystems compartments, as well as their impact in organisms that inhabit these ecosystems which are being investigated by this community; until now, it has been reported problems of bacterial resistance and damages at DNA level in living beings, among others; in this perspective it is necessary to perform monitoring in various environmental matrixes, in order to detect and quantify their presence, to have a better understanding of their long-term effects on living beings. In this sense, it addresses aspects that determine their presence in the ecosystem, as well as shows results of works evaluating their removal of contaminated...

The need to increase food production in the world is creating more extensive agricultural systems, featured by large scales of production, where the control of pest and weeds are made through the application of chemical products. Many of them belong to a technological package that is the case of glyphosate in the cultivation of transgenic soy; given its high efficiency in the control of invasive plants, however, residues of this product can contaminate several compartments of the ecosystem, the aquatic ecosystem being the most affected. Therefore, several adverse effects of this compound will be addressed to organisms that inhabit this ecosystem.

Due their physical end chemical properties, organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) have been occured the contamination the environment and food chain. The consume of this products at low concentration dose represent a potential hazards to human health. The QuEChERS method was adjusted and used for the determination of 12 organochlorine pesticides (α- BHC, β - BHC, heptachlor, dicofol, endosulfan lacton, OP DDD, α - endosulfan, OP DDE, PP DDE, β - endosulfan, PP DDD, endosulfan sulfate) residues in 36 strawberries samples from three markets of the Piracicaba/ Sao Paulo – Brazil, during the period of October 2010 until September 2011. The method involved extraction with ethyl acetate, solid–liquid partition with MgSO4 and CH3COONa followed by dSPE clean up with PSA sorbent. Analyses were carried out with GC–µECD equipment. A HP-5 30 m x 0.32mm x 0.25 µm column was used. The method wa...

Prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L. Miller) is a natural source of antioxidant compounds that have gained significant attention due to their potential health benefits. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE), combined with water–ethanol mixtures from 0 to 60%, at moderate temperatures between 50 °C to 70 °C to improve the recovery of antioxidant compounds from red peel prickly pear. The recovery of these compounds was affected by solvent composition and temperature for both extraction techniques. Interestingly, the use of pure water at 70 °C during the PLE process allowed the recovery of high concentrations of antioxidant compounds (12.96 mg GAE/g dw, IC5O: 2.03 mg/mL, ORAC: 625 µmol TE/g dw). On the contrary, when the UAE process was combined with 30% ethanol at 50 °C, the extractability of...

Prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L. Miller) is a natural source of antioxidant compounds that have gained significant attention due to their potential health benefits. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE), combined with water–ethanol mixtures from 0 to 60%, at moderate temperatures between 50 °C to 70 °C to improve the recovery of antioxidant compounds from red peel prickly pear. The recovery of these compounds was affected by solvent composition and temperature for both extraction techniques. Interestingly, the use of pure water at 70 °C during the PLE process allowed the recovery of high concentrations of antioxidant compounds (12.96 mg GAE/g dw, IC5O: 2.03 mg/mL, ORAC: 625 µmol TE/g dw). On the contrary, when the UAE process was combined with 30% ethanol at 50 °C, the extractability of...

El presente trabajo fue realizado en los laboratorios de la Universidad de Sao Paulo, Centro de Energía Nuclear en la Agricultura, laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Brasil, en el periodo comprendido entre diciembre del 2009 a junio del 2010, los objetivos fueron: a).evaluación y establecimiento de la metodología para análisis multiresíduos QuEChERS ( Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) para la cuantificación de residuos de agrotóxicos en quinua. b ). cuantificar residuos de agrotóxicos contenidos en 24 muestras procedentes de diferentes zonas productoras del departamento de Puno. c).incentivar e facilitar la investigación de multiresíduos en esta matriz; se estudió 24 muestras de quinua de producción convencional colectadas en el departamento de Puno-Peru y una muestra de quinua orgánica obtenida en el Brasil, fue evaluada la aplicabilidad del método QuEChERS para ...

Due to its extensive use in various livestock production activities and its use in human health care, antibiotics have become an environmental problem that draws the attention of the scientific community. Several research works report their presence in different ecosystems compartments, as well as their impact in organisms that inhabit these ecosystems which are being investigated by this community; until now, it has been reported problems of bacterial resistance and damages at DNA level in living beings, among others; in this perspective it is necessary to perform monitoring in various environmental matrixes, in order to detect and quantify their presence, to have a better understanding of their long-term effects on living beings. In this sense, it addresses aspects that determine their presence in the ecosystem, as well as shows results of works evaluating their removal of contaminated...

The need to increase food production in the world is creating more extensive agricultural systems, featured by large scales of production, where the control of pest and weeds are made through the application of chemical products. Many of them belong to a technological package that is the case of glyphosate in the cultivation of transgenic soy; given its high efficiency in the control of invasive plants, however, residues of this product can contaminate several compartments of the ecosystem, the aquatic ecosystem being the most affected. Therefore, several adverse effects of this compound will be addressed to organisms that inhabit this ecosystem.

Due their physical end chemical properties, organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) have been occured the contamination the environment and food chain. The consume of this products at low concentration dose represent a potential hazards to human health. The QuEChERS method was adjusted and used for the determination of 12 organochlorine pesticides (α- BHC, β - BHC, heptachlor, dicofol, endosulfan lacton, OP DDD, α - endosulfan, OP DDE, PP DDE, β - endosulfan, PP DDD, endosulfan sulfate) residues in 36 strawberries samples from three markets of the Piracicaba/ Sao Paulo – Brazil, during the period of October 2010 until September 2011. The method involved extraction with ethyl acetate, solid–liquid partition with MgSO4 and CH3COONa followed by dSPE clean up with PSA sorbent. Analyses were carried out with GC–µECD equipment. A HP-5 30 m x 0.32mm x 0.25 µm column was used. The method wa...

In this article, a bibliographic review was carried out on the economic, touristic and environmental importance of long-lived species and the problems related to their vegetative propagation for their conservation. Many of these species grow in the inter-Andean valleys of Peru and have adapted over the time to adverse locations compared to those in which they usually grow. This has allowed them to develop unique phenotypes that store valuable genetic information and should be conserved. However, these present species problems of vegetative propagation, a problem explained throughout this article. We conclude that, despite the great importance of these species, their age factor is the main problem for their propagation, their conservation and diversity.

In this article, a bibliographic review was carried out on the economic, touristic and environmental importance of long-lived species and the problems related to their vegetative propagation for their conservation. Many of these species grow in the inter-Andean valleys of Peru and have adapted over the time to adverse locations compared to those in which they usually grow. This has allowed them to develop unique phenotypes that store valuable genetic information and should be conserved. However, these present species problems of vegetative propagation, a problem explained throughout this article. We conclude that, despite the great importance of these species, their age factor is the main problem for their propagation, their conservation and diversity.

Lake Titicaca is an important water resource and the ecological balance of the Peruvian-Bolivian Andean plateau depends on it. At present, it is being disturbed by poor water resource management practices, which is why persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were monitored in sediments from 13 sampling stations in the Inner Bay of Lake Titicaca (Puno, Peru). The samples were lyophilized and stored at -70°C for further analysis. For the validation of the analytical method, the following parameters were considered: recovery, repetition and uncertainty of all the compounds studied. The POPs were determined by gas chromatography coupled to an electron capture detector, and the presence of β-BHC, 0.018 μg/g; o,p´-DDE, 0.0011 μg/g; dicofol 0.0065 μg/g and endosulfan sulfate 0.0061 μg/g were detected. On the other hand, PAHs were determined by liq...

Lake Titicaca is an important water resource and the ecological balance of the Peruvian-Bolivian Andean plateau depends on it. At present, it is being disturbed by poor water resource management practices, which is why persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were monitored in sediments from 13 sampling stations in the Inner Bay of Lake Titicaca (Puno, Peru). The samples were lyophilized and stored at -70°C for further analysis. For the validation of the analytical method, the following parameters were considered: recovery, repetition and uncertainty of all the compounds studied. The POPs were determined by gas chromatography coupled to an electron capture detector, and the presence of β-BHC, 0.018 μg/g; o,p´-DDE, 0.0011 μg/g; dicofol 0.0065 μg/g and endosulfan sulfate 0.0061 μg/g were detected. On the other hand, PAHs were determined by liq...

Lake Titicaca is an important water resource and the ecological balance of the Peruvian-Bolivian Andean plateau depends on it. At present, it is being disturbed by poor water resource management practices, which is why persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were monitored in sediments from 13 sampling stations in the Inner Bay of Lake Titicaca (Puno, Peru). The samples were lyophilized and stored at -70°C for further analysis. For the validation of the analytical method, the following parameters were considered: recovery, repetition and uncertainty of all the compounds studied. The POPs were determined by gas chromatography coupled to an electron capture detector, and the presence of β-BHC, 0.018 μg/g; o,p´-DDE, 0.0011 μg/g; dicofol 0.0065 μg/g and endosulfan sulfate 0.0061 μg/g were detected. On the other hand, PAHs were determined by liq...