To determine the relationship between anemia and dental caries in preschool children of the District of Vice-Sechura-Piura 2018. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This study was prospective, transversal, descriptive and observational. The sample consisted of 91 preschoolers who met the established criteria and 91 preschoolers for the control group. Hemoglobin was measured by blood samples and processed in the analog angular centrifuge model 800-D brand BIOLAB; dental caries was measured with the ceo-d index, for which there was a training with a dental surgeon reaching a Kappa value greater than (0.60). RESULTS: The average hemoglobin levels of preschool children is 10.71g / dl, considered mild anemia; with regard to dental caries, the value of the ceo-dindex of 5.9 (bad) was recorded. Considering the sex, the girls had a ceo-d index of 5.2 (bad) while the children had a ceo-d index of 6.5 (very bad)...