During the Viceroyalty of Peru, hospitals and universities were developed by Christian charity. Rote learning process, ecclesiastical hegemony, and poor organization frustrated innovative ideas about sciences by absence of a civilian elite capable of formulating higher education policies. The arrival of the Royal Philanthropic Expedition of the Vaccine, in 1806, spread the knowledge and the basis of sanitary organization. The Departmental Vaccination Boards were established, whose management occurred within contradictions in the first public policies of sanitary control. This situation remained until the Anatomical Amphitheater was founded.

Introduction. Identity in students configures their self-recognition with the profession and involves the personal, family, cognitive, institutional and sociocultural. Objective. Know the components of the construction of the professional identity and the main phenomena that interact in said construction, in students of human medicine of the National University of San Marcos. Methods. A quantitative and qualitative study was carried out. 136 students from the sixth year of study participated in the study and were given a professional identity questionnaire. Sixteen students underwent an open interview. The processing of the data was done with the JMP V7 Software. Results. Of the 136 students evaluated, 63.2% had a favorable opinion regarding professional identity; 34.6%, intermediate; and 2.2%, unfavorable. From the qualitative analysis it was found that the early identification with the...