The objective of the study was to characterize the essential oil of the leaves of Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae), the extraction of the oil was carried out by hydrodistilation in a Karlsruhe equipment, the characterization by determining its physicochemical parameters and the identification of its components by analysis. high-performance gas chromatography system coupled to a mass spectrometry detector. The results were as follows: density 0.8326 g / cm3, Refractive index 1.4382, the colorful reaction was positive for components of an alcoholic nature. The chromatogram reported 26 components, 14 aliphatic hydrocarbons, 7 cyclic hydrocarbons, an arenic hydrocarbon, 2 sesquiterpenes, a diterpene (alcoholic) and an unidentified one. The most important components in order of percentage abundance were: aliphatic hydrocarbons 3-methyl heptane 19.823%, octane 18.150%, 2-methyl heptane 17.635%....