This article aims to prove that certain texts in Alberto Hidalgo’s poetry book Química del espíritu (1923) fall under the category of «visual poems”. Considering this premise, an analysis of these texts will be carried out later. In order to achieve this, theorical concepts about visual poetry proposed by Pamela Medina, Nelson Suarez, Fernando Rodríguez and Eduardo Chirinos will be used. In this way, it will be shown that the use of visuality does not simply respond to a decorative desire, but it is a necessary choice to increase the expressiveness of the text in a way that the verbal aspect could not achieve by itself. In other words, the visual poems of Química del espíritu recover the material reality of poetry and attempt to represent what is being said, questioning the limits of language, art and the life of contemporary man.

 This article contemplates that the story “The theme of the traitor and the hero” by Jorge Luis Borges is a fictional text, since it develops the relationship between reality and fiction, and also, it ponders its own fictional nature. Based on this premise, and taking into account the ideas about art exposed by Oscar Wilde in his essay The decay of lying, an analysis will be carried out. This analysis has an immanent nature and it will focus on the narrative and discursive structures (concepts exposed in the hermeneutical model of Carlos García-Bedoya), using the concepts of plot and fable, narrator, spatialization and temporality. This analysis intends to prove that these syntactic components of the text are specifically related to its metafictional reflection.