La comunicación política ha incorporado las redes sociales como nuevos canales en sus tácticas de relacionarse con el ciudadano. Plataformas como el Facebook propician una interacción más simétrica que otros canales. Sin embargo, la política ingresa al mundo digital desde el paradigma difusor del siglo XX, basado principalmente en la publicidad y en los medios masivos.Una indagación preliminar de las cuentas de Internet de los dirigentes políticos argentinos con más seguidores en las redes sociales permitió elaborar la hipótesis de que usan esa plataforma como vehículo de reproducción del modelo tradicional.

This paper studies the main features of fake news that circulated on social networks in Argentina and Spain during 2020, as well as their similarities and differences. The study carries out a content analysis of seven variables in 402 hoaxes that were debunked in both countries by the fact-checking platforms Chequeado and Newtral. Specifically, this article examines the sources of disinformation and their typologies, their main characters and their attributes, thematic affiliation, the emotions they appeal to, and the populist traits they represent. The results show the predominance of (a) anonymous sources in both countries, real media sources in Argentina and impersonated political entities in Spain; (b) deception as a form of disinformation; (c) the focus on the political class, almost always associated with negative attributes; (d) health as the central theme, an aspect derived from ...

La comunicación política ha incorporado las redes sociales como nuevos canales en sus tácticas de relacionarse con el ciudadano. Plataformas como el Facebook propician una interacción más simétrica que otros canales. Sin embargo, la política ingresa al mundo digital desde el paradigma difusor del siglo XX, basado principalmente en la publicidad y en los medios masivos.Una indagación preliminar de las cuentas de Internet de los dirigentes políticos argentinos con más seguidores en las redes sociales permitió elaborar la hipótesis de que usan esa plataforma como vehículo de reproducción del modelo tradicional.

This paper studies the main features of fake news that circulated on social networks in Argentina and Spain during 2020, as well as their similarities and differences. The study carries out a content analysis of seven variables in 402 hoaxes that were debunked in both countries by the fact-checking platforms Chequeado and Newtral. Specifically, this article examines the sources of disinformation and their typologies, their main characters and their attributes, thematic affiliation, the emotions they appeal to, and the populist traits they represent. The results show the predominance of (a) anonymous sources in both countries, real media sources in Argentina and impersonated political entities in Spain; (b) deception as a form of disinformation; (c) the focus on the political class, almost always associated with negative attributes; (d) health as the central theme, an aspect derived from ...