Objective: To determine if the factors under study: gestational age, very low birth weight, oxygen therapy, anemia, malnutrition and neonatal sepsis are associated with retinopathy of prematurity. Materials and methods: Study cases and controls, the group of cases will be formed by 58 patients and the control group 116 patients; We will review clinical histories of premature newborns in the Neonatology service of Víctor Lazarte Echegaray Hospital, in the period January 2014- December 2016. To analyze the data, double-frequency frequency distribution tables will be constructed with their absolute and relative values, determining the association between independent variables (presumed risk factors) with retinopathy of prematurity (dependent variable); the Chi square test (X2) will be used, in the case of nominal variables and the student's t test for quantitative variables; the associatio...