Introduction: Small fibers diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN-sf) are diagnosed by biomedical vasomotor tests whose foundation is altered skin thermoregulation.Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with DPN-sf using thermographic imaging (TI).Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, analytical study was performed in a specialized unit in the primary care setting, in which patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were assessed by peripheral neurological tests such as tactile and vibratory sensitivity for the diagnosis of large fibers peripheral neuropathy (DPN-lf) and passive thermoregulation by TI for DPN-sf .The latter was performed on the sole using a thermographic camera in the outpatient clinic, evaluating 5 plantar thermographic measurements per subject. Then, the association between diabetics with and without DPN-sf was analyzed concerning gender, age, tim...