This work was mainly supported by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica (CONCYTEC-Peru) / Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico, Tecnológico y de Innovación Tecnológica (FONDECYT, Convenio 175–2015). The work from BBA was supported by intramural research program from FIOCRUZ, by the National Institutes of Health (U01AI115940 and U01AI069923) and by the Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia (DECIT) - Secretaria de Ciência e Tecnologia (SCTIE) – Ministério da Saúde (MS), Brazil (25029.000507/2013–07). MBA receives a fellowship from the Fundaçăo de Amparo à Pesquisa da Bahia (FAPESB). BBA is a senior scientist from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico. The funders had no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript.

This study was performed to investigate the role of dysglycemia on the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) among pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients to build scientific evidence about the possible mechanisms of TB transmission. MTB isolates obtained of patients affected by pulmonary tuberculosis from health care facilities of North Lima—Peru, were analyzed using whole genome sequencing and 24-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit -variable-number tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTR). Subsequently, clinical and epidemiological characteristics were associated with clustering, lineages and comorbid conditions. The analysis carried out 112 pulmonary TB patients from various health centers in North Lima, 17 (15%) had diabetes mellitus (DM) and 33 (29%) had prediabetes (PDM). Latin American-Mediterranean, Haarlem and Beijing were the most frequent MTB lineages found in th...