This work was supported by grants from Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología from Perú (contract 280-2010-CONCYTEC-OAJ), and Universi-dad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana (RR number 2010-UNAP). We also thank to Dr. Jorge L. Marapara for his help with the infrastructure and equipment of Unidad Especializada de Biotecnología and Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA)–San Roque-Iquitos for access to the germ-plasm collection of Myrciaria dubia. We also thank Alexander Cerdeira for his technical assistance. The authors are very grateful to Antje Trukenmüller for critical reading of the article.