Disinformation has become a critical problem in contemporary societies, threatening democratic processes, public health, and social cohesion. In Ibero-America, the spread of fake news and deceptive content has gained prominence over the past decade, driven by the massive penetration of social networks and messaging apps. This article presents a review of scientific literature on fake news and disinformation in the Ibero-American context, with emphasis on the fundamental role of media, information, and digital literacy for future generations. It addresses the concepts of fake news and disinformation, their documented social impacts, and the responses developed by academia and public policy. The review highlights how media and information literacy is emerging as a key strategy —complementing legal and technological measures— to strengthen critical thinking and citizen resilience agains...

Este estudio analiza las características y tendencias del periodismo ambiental en América Latina a partir de entrevistas semiestructuradas con 21 profesionales —entre periodistas y comunicadores especializados—, con el objetivo de identificar las funciones del periodismo en la construcción de narrativas ambientales, los obstáculos estructurales que enfrentan y las estrategias que emplean para garantizar una cobertura rigurosa y ética. Se desarrolló un estudio cualitativo basado en entrevistas en profundidad, que permitió explorar las experiencias y percepciones de los participantes. Los resultados muestran que los profesionales afrontan desafíos como la censura, el greenwashing y la precariedad laboral, y aplican estrategias como el uso de herramientas digitales, la verificación de datos y la colaboración con comunidades y actores científicos. En conclusión, se resalta la...

We analyzed papers published by researchers from Latin American and from Spain and Portugal (Ibero-America) in the last three years, in the field of public opinion. This study identified topics of interest and principal research techniques. We used qualitative analysis program NVivo11 in the analysis of the findings. As a result, it can be highlighted the predominance of investigation on digital communication, centrally on the digital social network, particularly on Twitter.

We analyzed papers published by researchers from Latin American and from Spain and Portugal (Ibero-America) in the last three years, in the field of public opinion. This study identified topics of interest and principal research techniques. We used qualitative analysis program NVivo11 in the analysis of the findings. As a result, it can be highlighted the predominance of investigation on digital communication, centrally on the digital social network, particularly on Twitter.