In all of Peru, there are not enough weather stations that could provide climate data and in view of this need, in the present investigation the application of different methods is analyzed in order to complete missing data in four rainfall stations in the areas located between 4000 to 4500 msnm of the Arequipa region. These methods are; linear regression, distance ratios, neighborhood averages, correlation with neighboring stations, multiple regression, and completion has been added by the regional vector method. The methods are analyzed through the Determination Coefficient (R2), Standard Estimation Error (EEE), Bland and Altman concordance test, establishing the best estimator in this region.

In all of Peru, there are not enough weather stations that could provide climate data and in view of this need, in the present investigation the application of different methods is analyzed in order to complete missing data in four rainfall stations in the areas located between 4000 to 4500 msnm of the Arequipa region. These methods are; linear regression, distance ratios, neighborhood averages, correlation with neighboring stations, multiple regression, and completion has been added by the regional vector method. The methods are analyzed through the Determination Coefficient (R2), Standard Estimation Error (EEE), Bland and Altman concordance test, establishing the best estimator in this region.

The Huallaga River is one of the main Amazon rivers. The research area located in the Amazon plain is characterized by presenting a homogeneous relief, however due to the dynamics of the river the physiographic aspect is varied, these range from the flood areas to higher areas called hills. The flow regime varies throughout the year, showing months of low water and others with abundant recharge, the average flow is 2 969.5 m3/s, in the research area the average width is 325 m and has a maximum depth of 16 m. Due to its dimensions, the Huallaga river presents a great dynamism, evidencing that in the period of analysis it has occurred in a sector, which has changed its direction, leaving an abandoned channel, the dynamics is along its bed, noting that in the areas where the river changes direction, it has migrated even up to more than 2 km.

The Huallaga River is one of the main Amazon rivers. The research area located in the Amazon plain is characterized by presenting a homogeneous relief, however due to the dynamics of the river the physiographic aspect is varied, these range from the flood areas to higher areas called hills. The flow regime varies throughout the year, showing months of low water and others with abundant recharge, the average flow is 2 969.5 m3/s, in the research area the average width is 325 m and has a maximum depth of 16 m. Due to its dimensions, the Huallaga river presents a great dynamism, evidencing that in the period of analysis it has occurred in a sector, which has changed its direction, leaving an abandoned channel, the dynamics is along its bed, noting that in the areas where the river changes direction, it has migrated even up to more than 2 km.

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Recursos Hídricos

In the Cañete River Basin, a glacial retreat has been observed for more than 37 years. Based on aerial photographs for the years 1962 and 1970, and using Landsat images from the 1990 - 2015 period, the glacier surface of the Collquepucre, Llongote, Pariacaca and Ticcla snowfalls has decreased by 2 to 7 km2, for every 5 years; a situation that is related to the dynamics of tropical glaciers where various sources indicate that they are the most fragile ecosystems in the face of climate change.

En la cuenca del río Cañete, se observa un proceso de retroceso glaciar constante desde hace más de 37 años. Basado en fotografías aéreas para los años 1962 y 1970, y utilizando imágenes Landsat del periodo 1990-2015, se ha podido establecer que la superficie glaciar de los nevados Collquepucre, Llongote, Pariacaca y Ticcla ha disminuido en proporción de 2 a 7 km2, por cada 5 años; situación que guarda relación con la dinámica de los glaciares tropicales en donde diversas fuentes indican que son los ecosistemas más frágiles ante el cambio climático.