The antimicrobial effect of vitamin C, vitamin E and rosemary essential oil (Rosmaninus oficinalis) was determined. Twelve solutions at different concentrations, coupled with a control with butyl hydroxy toluene were prepared and applied to the chicken sausage frankfurters, which were subsequently vacuum packed and stored at 4 C for 30 days. The antimicrobial effect was determined by the use of specific agars for E coli, s. aureus, salmonella sp, mesophilic aerobes. The number of colony forming units (cfu) was quantified every five days for a period of 30 days. This method revealed that it was possible to completely inhibit the presence of Salmonella sp and E. coli. Moreover, aerobic mesophilic and S. aureus the amount of ufc aureus remained below accepted by the INEN Ecuador 1388 2010 standard limits. It is concluded that the applied treatments can replace chemical preservatives, mainta...

Se determinó el efecto antimicrobiano de la vitamina C, la vitamina E y el aceite esencial de romero (Rosmaninus oficinalis). Se prepararon doce soluciones en diferentes concentraciones y un testigo con butil hidroxi tolueno (BHT), se aplicó a las salchichas de pollo tipo frankfurt, que fueron empacadas al vacío y almacenadas a 4 0C, durante 30 días. El efecto antimicrobiano se determinó utilizando agares específicos para E. coli, S. aureus, Salmonella sp y aerobios mesófilos, se midió la cantidad de unidades formadoras de colonias (ufc), cada cinco días hasta los 30 días. Se logró inhibir por completo la presencia de Salmonella sp y E. coli. Para aerobios mesófilos y S. aureus la cantidad de ufc se mantuvo en límites inferiores a los aceptados por la norma INEN 1388 2010 del Ecuador. Se concluye que los tratamientos aplicados pueden sustituir a los preservantes químicos, m...

This study proposes an alternative biodegradable material for use with lettuce crops utilizing the bare-root hydroponic system, with the aim of functionally replacing expanded polystyrene, commonly used as a supporting material despite being a highly contaminating substance. This proposal is based on the production of individual pieces of floating material made from agro-industrial waste with an organic wax waterproof coating. The materials were produced in Quito, Ecuador, and the variables analyzed were hardness, compressive strength, flexural strength and microbiological contamination of the material during the vegetable growing period. Results showed that the alternative substrate with the greatest adaptability to the crops was made from a carnauba wax-coated palm fiber (Elaeis guineensis) blended with rice, in a ratio of 70%-30%, respectively.

La presente investigación propone una alternativa de material biodegradable para uso en cultivos en medios hidropónicos de lechuga mediante el sistema de producción a raíz desnuda, con el objetivo de sustituir funcionalmente al poliestireno expandido, utilizado de manera habitual como material de soporte, a pesar de ser un elemento altamente contaminante. La propuesta tiene base en la elaboración de módulos individuales de material flotante a partir de desechos agroindustriales con un recubrimiento impermeabilizante de cera orgánica. Los materiales fueron elaborados en la ciudad de Quito, Ecuador, y las variables evaluadas fueron: dureza de superficies, resistencia a la compresión y a la flexión, y contaminación microbiológica del material durante el tiempo de cultivo del vegetal. Como resultado, se obtuvo que la propuesta con mayor adaptabilidad al cultivo fue la elaborada a ...

Genus Vaccinium groups plants like shrubs that grows in the highlands of the Andes Mountains. Its fruits are characterized by their antioxidant and nutritional properties. The objective of this paper review was to understand the effect of endophytic and associated microorganisms with the rhizosphere of Vaccinium spp. Wild Vacciunium species present low genetic variability, in comparison with cultivated species that present high variability. Therefore, wild species must be domesticated in order to achieve permanent production in various locations along the year. Domestication of this plant could be achieved by stablishing physiological plant system, determining its edaphoclimatic requirements and analysis of interactions with the plant. One of the main problems of the Vaccinium genus is fungal diseases, such as Botrytis sp. and Hemileia vastatrix. However, other endophytic and rhizosphere...

Genus Vaccinium groups plants like shrubs that grows in the highlands of the Andes Mountains. Its fruits are characterized by their antioxidant and nutritional properties. The objective of this paper review was to understand the effect of endophytic and associated microorganisms with the rhizosphere of Vaccinium spp. Wild Vacciunium species present low genetic variability, in comparison with cultivated species that present high variability. Therefore, wild species must be domesticated in order to achieve permanent production in various locations along the year. Domestication of this plant could be achieved by stablishing physiological plant system, determining its edaphoclimatic requirements and analysis of interactions with the plant. One of the main problems of the Vaccinium genus is fungal diseases, such as Botrytis sp. and Hemileia vastatrix. However, other endophytic and rhizosphere...

The infestation of the root system by nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita) and Fusarium solani to the rootneck hinders the production of tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.), an Andean native fruit consumed in Ecuador and other countries. This paper evaluates the potential of different Ecuadorian Andean Solanaceae species (Solanum auriculatum, Solanum asperolanatum, Solanum arboreum and Nicotiana glauca), such as tree tomato rootstocks towards Fusarium and nematode resistance through controlled inoculation trials. The experimental design used was complete randomized in factorial arrangement with three factors. The variables were: fungus incubation time, incidence and lesion size, increase in nematode population, plant height increase and plant fresh weight. The most promising results for an extended open field evaluation were N. glauca (no incidences of Fusarium and 0.36 times increase in ne...

The infestation of the root system by nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita) and Fusarium solani to the rootneck hinders the production of tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.), an Andean native fruit consumed in Ecuador and other countries. This paper evaluates the potential of different Ecuadorian Andean Solanaceae species (Solanum auriculatum, Solanum asperolanatum, Solanum arboreum and Nicotiana glauca), such as tree tomato rootstocks towards Fusarium and nematode resistance through controlled inoculation trials. The experimental design used was complete randomized in factorial arrangement with three factors. The variables were: fungus incubation time, incidence and lesion size, increase in nematode population, plant height increase and plant fresh weight. The most promising results for an extended open field evaluation were N. glauca (no incidences of Fusarium and 0.36 times increase in ne...