The ceramic industry is the most important activity of Chulucanas, capital of the Province of Morropón, and La Encantada District. Both districts belong to the department of Piura, where there is a great demand of clay as raw material for the ceramic paste elaboration. Traditionally have existed evidences of important clay deposits but they have not yet completely characterized. That is way, considering the importance of this raw material for the ceramic industry of the region and the difficulties to get cheap commercial ceramic material of quality; we show the results of the characterization by physics and chemistry techniques of clays extracted from the zone.

In the present work were making the qualitative and quantitative identification of the main mineralogical phases present in a specimen of clay, to show a method to adjust their crystalline structures and at the same time determine the concentrations of the mineralogical phases present in the specimen of clay. The data were obtained with an Universal Difractómeter and the Hanawalt method was applied for the identification of the phases, for it we use the softwares DRXWIN 2.2 and CreaFit 2.2. The Rietveld refinement were making using the FullProf program, it allowed refine the net parameters, atomic positions and it determine concentrations of the mineralogical phases present in the specimen, at the same time it allows represent graphically refine crystalline structure of each mineralogical phase and the Fourier Map.