El estudio de la arquitectura no debe limitarse solo al edificio construido, sino entender y aceptar que la arquitectura es parte de un sistema y resultado de eventos producidos en el contexto en que se desarrolla. La arquitectura se convierte en el resultado de una necesidad. La investigación observa al Hospital Dos de Mayo (1868-1875) y estudia el contexto en que se concibe y desarrolla la obra. Se identifica que en el contexto económico el Hospital Dos de Mayo está ubicado en el período posterior al boom guanero, caracterizado por la irremediable quiebra económica del país. En el contexto social, si bien las divisiones de castas habían desaparecido por decreto, estas aún se mantenían en la actividad diaria. En el aspecto cultural España dejo de ser el referente, pasando este papel a países más desarrollados como Inglaterra, Francia o los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica. En...

The article considers the built heritage as a product of the management of public works by the State during the 19th century. The objective is to show that for the execution of the public works in this period, the State established a procedure for managing the work, using the bases of Competitions and the systems experts. The article is descriptive-explanatory and uses a qualitative approach. It selects works from the period of the guano boom, studies the bases of competitions and synthesizes the information in tables establishing phases of each work. The result has been a diversity of participants, items, specifications, materials, techniques, units of measurement and that there was no single management procedure. It is concluded that the State, during the modernization process, established a system for managing public works, which was applied with variations according to the applicant ...

The Peruvian architecture of the mid-nineteenth century is represented in great works that the State carried out for the benefit of citizens. Among them, the hospital becomes the custodian of public health. The aim of this article is to demonstrate that the project of the modern Hospital Dos de Mayo (1868-1875) included in the design of patient rooms two new parameters; these being ventilation and air volumes per patient, as laid down in European treatises since the eighteenth century, which were in force even in the nineteenth century.To achieve the present investigation, the search has been made for the architectural treatises that the architect Mateo Graziani had as references and where the ventilation factors and air volumes that, at that time, were thought necessary are considered.Then, from plans and documents of the Hospital Dos de Mayo, the calculation of the air volumes per pati...