This study was designed to establish the perinatal mortality rate and the early neonatal mortality associated factors. We analyzed the characteristic of birth registered in the Daniel Alcides A Carrion Hospital in Callao, Lima - Peru, between October 1994 and July 1995. The perinatal mortality rate was 31,8 x 1000 live birth and the early, neonatal mortality rate was 24 x 1000 birth. The associated factors with early neonatal mortality was gestational age less than 37 weeks (RR 21,30 CI 13,61-33,32), low birth weight, lower than 1500 g (RR 123,32 CI 66,44-228,89), and between 1500-2499 g (RR 11,75 CI 7,27-18,97), footling breech presentation (RR 6,42 CI 3,93-10,47), other abnormal presentation (RR 5,88 CI 2,27-15,23), absence of prenatal care (RR 4,56 CI 1,86-11,20), incompleted prenatal care (RR 5,29 CI 1,92-14,60). We found a population attributable risk percent ó'ARP) of 46,9% associ...