The author reviews the doctoral theses on Peru written in universities of the United States, between 1977 and 1988. He also makes a comparative analysis of the subjects, that were studied in this period, in relation with the ones that were studied in previous periods, according to a wellknown study by Héctor Maletta.

El autor revisa las tesis doctorales sobre el Perú realizadas en las universidades de los Estados Unidos, entre 1977 y 1988. También realiza un análisis comparativo de los temas que fueron estudiados en este período, frente a los que fueron estudiados en períodos anteriores, de acuerdo a un conocido trabajo de Héctor Maletta.

Bio-innovation, encompassing developments in new breeding techniques (NBTs), presents substantial opportunities for addressing global challenges, though its progress is fundamentally shaped by surrounding regulatory frameworks. Three primary categories of regulations emerge as particularly influential: innovation-promoting frameworks centered on intellectual property rights, regulations targeting societal objectives that indirectly drive innovation, and structural frameworks affecting corporate strategies. Successful bio-innovation systems demonstrate the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, stakeholder integration, and professional expertise in bridging academic research and industrial applications. Larger companies generally show greater adaptability to regulatory compliance compared to smaller enterprises, while emerging technologies require continuous evolution of governanc...

Transgenic seeds: A bioethics debate?The aim of this paper is to analyze, from a bioethical perspective, the social, cultural, environmental and moral impacts of the use of biotechnology for breeding transgenic crops. We place greater emphasis with regard to the use of transgenic seeds in agriculture, and their advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional crops. Transgenic crops are genetically modified organisms (GMO). There have been two antagonistic views about transgenic crops only due to its definition. We address the issue of transgenic seeds presenting these two views, and make a bioethical analysis that allows us to make a synthesis that may set what could be the most appropriate standing on this issue in light of bioethical principles.

Transgenic seeds: A bioethics debate? The aim of this paper is to analyze, from a bioethical perspective, the social, cultural, environmental and moral impacts of the use of biotechnology for breeding transgenic crops. We place greater emphasis with regard to the use of transgenic seeds in agriculture, and their advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional crops. Transgenic crops are genetically modified organisms (GMO). There have been two antagonistic views about transgenic crops only due to its definition. We address the issue of transgenic seeds presenting these two views, and make a bioethical analysis that allows us to make a synthesis that may set what could be the most appropriate standing on this issue in light of bioethical principles.

Transgenic seeds: A bioethics debate? The aim of this paper is to analyze, from a bioethical perspective, the social, cultural, environmental and moral impacts of the use of biotechnology for breeding transgenic crops. We place greater emphasis with regard to the use of transgenic seeds in agriculture, and their advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional crops. Transgenic crops are genetically modified organisms (GMO). There have been two antagonistic views about transgenic crops only due to its definition. We address the issue of transgenic seeds presenting these two views, and make a bioethical analysis that allows us to make a synthesis that may set what could be the most appropriate standing on this issue in light of bioethical principles.