Se describe el estado de escotosis en el médico y en los demás profesionales de la salud acerca del fenómeno adictivo (FA), definido como carencia de conocimiento científico idóneo sobre las adicciones, lo que les condiciona una actitud prejuiciada, dogmática y sesgada de esta enfermedad, con consecuencias devastadoras para el paciente, su familia y el entorno social. Además, se establece la incongruencia en la praxis profesional entre los aspectos bioéticos y clínicos de las adicciones. Se discute el tema de los derechos humanos del paciente y se fundamenta la procedencia de la firma de la autorización familiar del internamiento involuntario del paciente carente de conciencia de enfermedad. Finalmente se proponen algunas alternativas para afrontar la escotosis. DOI:https://doi.org/10.25176/RFMH.v16.n2.671

Addictionology as a component of the health sciences is rapidly becoming recognized as a medical discipline, specifically as a subspecialty of psychiatry. The problem of addictions is a subject that extends and worsens in postmodern society, due to its multidimensionality and multifactoriality. The health conditions of the countries have improved in terms of reducing mortality and the incidence of some communicable diseases. However, there is a greater incidence of chronic noncommunicable diseases related to lifestyles, as well as the emergence of health problems derived from violence, drug consumption, social, recreational addictions and digital addiction (connectivity). Family factors, including rejection by parents and family conflicts, due to substance abuse and mental health problems, are among the strongest and most consistent predictors of adolescent behavior problems. Therefore, ...

Seven years after his political fall, Alberto Fujimori Fujimori was extradited from Chile on September 22 of 2007, in order to judge him by two cases of human rights violations and five corruption cases. The mega-trial begun on december 10 of 2007. According to the mediate authorship theory, having led the command in charge of the counterterrorist actions involves him in crimes related to human rights. The Supreme court special penal division judges him by six cases related to human rights, corruption and graft, divided in three mega-trials: 1) La Cantuta - Barrios Altos and the Gustavo Gorriti and Samuel Dyer kidnapping in the Military intelligence Service basements. 2) Phone-tapping, and TV channels and congress men bribing. 3) 15 million nuevos soles of payement to Montesinos as a time of service compensation. The last case, the unlawful entry into the house of Trinidad Becerra, Monte...

While advances in various areas of human knowledge have allowed a great development in many areas of life in postmodern society ; on the other hand there is a global trend towards extreme individualism ; family anomie ; corruption and social violence; issues that compromiso much of the population; significantly increasing the risk of mental health disorders or worsen existing one’s. This morbid reality presents multifactorial etiology ranging from alterations in the genome to dysfunctional social factors and the complex interaction of both. The impact is observed in the individual; family and social environment; such condition being perpetuated by a overpowerd State; anethical medias and Thanatical culture; whose components are hedonism; debauchery and compulsive connectivity. Finally; from a holistic perspective; some alternatives are formulated in order to control or reduce such mism...

The route of life of insigne is reviewed writer, politician, free thinker, democrat and humanist, analyze elements than sufficient more they catalogue that it like Peruvian a universal one, a human being full of generosity. One becomes remember of the unforgettable moments from the announcement of the concession of the prize, in the Cervantes Institute of New York; soon the moment at which king Carlos XVI Gustavo of Sweden gave, the Nobel prize of Literature 2010 to Mario Vargas Llosa (MVLl) in the Concert hall of Stockholm. MVLl in its speech of gratefulness in New York, showed before the international press that the prize was an award to the Spanish language and displayed the best thing of its erudition in a full speech of emotions and expressed its peruanity to everybody with a statement that will be unforgettable: "PERU I AM". Expressions from greatness and gratefulness to their coun...

It is realized a humanistic reflection about spirituality in the post modernity, whose knowledgement society shows as antonymous the emptiness, from what people escapes largely to materiality, the stupidity, foolishness , insensibility, hedonism and violence; that configure a decadent deshumanized society, in whose base underlie familiar unlove, lack of human value and antivalues anticipation in social ethos and lifestyles. The natural family model, source of love, is in extinction and is quickly exchanged by a modern, liberal and asistencialist family model, with lack of parents rol, who have lost their authority, protector and formative rol by the providing parents role. It is defined the concept of emptiness, its probably causes, its phenomenology and the fatuity social ethos is described. After that, foolishness and the social consequences of emptiness and foolishness, it is proposed...

In regard to the espionage committed by Chile against Peru between 2004 and 2009, this article examines some characteristics of the militarism, the arms race and geopolitical expansion of Chile, after the Pacific War (1879) that separated from Peru and Bolivia the provinces of Antofagasta, Tarapacá and Arica. Henceforth, the history between Chile and Peru, was developed based on a dichotomous victor-vanquished relationship in which prevails attitudes of pride, arrogance, threats and unbridled arms race, hostility and warmongering, militarism fueled by the greedy Pinochetist military caste that still exert a masked tutelage on the Chilean democracy, and on the other hand, resentment, mistrust and fear present among Peruvians. This reality has become a highlight in the discovery of a spy ring against Peru paid by Chile, having engaged the services of a peruvian military officer in service...

Se describe el estado de escotosis en el médico y en los demás profesionales de la salud acerca del fenómeno adictivo (FA), definido como carencia de conocimiento científico idóneo sobre las adicciones, lo que les condiciona una actitud prejuiciada, dogmática y sesgada de esta enfermedad, con consecuencias devastadoras para el paciente, su familia y el entorno social. Además, se establece la incongruencia en la praxis profesional entre los aspectos bioéticos y clínicos de las adicciones. Se discute el tema de los derechos humanos del paciente y se fundamenta la procedencia de la firma de la autorización familiar del internamiento involuntario del paciente carente de conciencia de enfermedad. Finalmente se proponen algunas alternativas para afrontar la escotosis. DOI:https://doi.org/10.25176/RFMH.v16.n2.671

La adiccionología como componente de las ciencias de la salud, está alcanzando un rápido reconocimiento como disciplina médica, específicamente como subespecialidad de la psiquiatría. El problema de las adicciones es un tema que se extiende y se agrava en la sociedad posmoderna, debido a su multidimensionalidad y multifactorialidad. Las condiciones de salud de los países han mejorado en cuanto a la reducción de la mortalidad y de la incidencia de algunas enfermedades transmisibles. Sin embargo, se está dando una mayor incidencia de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles relacionadas con los estilos de vida, así como la emergencia de problemas de salud derivados de la violencia, el consumo de drogas, adicciones sociales, lúdicas y adicción digital (conectividad). Los factores familiares, incluyendo el rechazo de los padres y los conflictos familiares, debido al abuso de susta...

The route of life of insigne is reviewed writer, politician, free thinker, democrat and humanist, analyze elements than sufficient more they catalogue that it like Peruvian a universal one, a human being full of generosity. One becomes remember of the unforgettable moments from the announcement of the concession of the prize, in the Cervantes Institute of New York; soon the moment at which king Carlos XVI Gustavo of Sweden gave, the Nobel prize of Literature 2010 to Mario Vargas Llosa (MVLl) in the Concert hall of Stockholm. MVLl in its speech of gratefulness in New York, showed before the international press that the prize was an award to the Spanish language and displayed the best thing of its erudition in a full speech of emotions and expressed its peruanity to everybody with a statement that will be unforgettable: "PERU I AM". Expressions from greatness and gratefulness to their coun...

It is realized a humanistic reflection about spirituality in the post modernity, whose knowledgement society shows as antonymous the emptiness, from what people escapes largely to materiality, the stupidity, foolishness , insensibility, hedonism and violence; that configure a decadent deshumanized society, in whose base underlie familiar unlove, lack of human value and antivalues anticipation in social ethos and lifestyles. The natural family model, source of love, is in extinction and is quickly exchanged by a modern, liberal and asistencialist family model, with lack of parents rol, who have lost their authority, protector and formative rol by the providing parents role. It is defined the concept of emptiness, its probably causes, its phenomenology and the fatuity social ethos is described. After that, foolishness and the social consequences of emptiness and foolishness, it is proposed...

In regard to the espionage committed by Chile against Peru between 2004 and 2009, this article examines some characteristics of the militarism, the arms race and geopolitical expansion of Chile, after the Pacific War (1879) that separated from Peru and Bolivia the provinces of Antofagasta, Tarapacá and Arica. Henceforth, the history between Chile and Peru, was developed based on a dichotomous victor-vanquished relationship in which prevails attitudes of pride, arrogance, threats and unbridled arms race, hostility and warmongering, militarism fueled by the greedy Pinochetist military caste that still exert a masked tutelage on the Chilean democracy, and on the other hand, resentment, mistrust and fear present among Peruvians. This reality has become a highlight in the discovery of a spy ring against Peru paid by Chile, having engaged the services of a peruvian military officer in service...

Seven years after his political fall, Alberto Fujimori Fujimori was extradited from Chile on September 22 of 2007, in order to judge him by two cases of human rights violations and five corruption cases. The mega-trial begun on december 10 of 2007. According to the mediate authorship theory, having led the command in charge of the counterterrorist actions involves him in crimes related to human rights. The Supreme court special penal division judges him by six cases related to human rights, corruption and graft, divided in three mega-trials: 1) La Cantuta - Barrios Altos and the Gustavo Gorriti and Samuel Dyer kidnapping in the Military intelligence Service basements. 2) Phone-tapping, and TV channels and congress men bribing. 3) 15 million nuevos soles of payement to Montesinos as a time of service compensation. The last case, the unlawful entry into the house of Trinidad Becerra, Monte...

While advances in various areas of human knowledge have allowed a great development in many areas of life in postmodern society ; on the other hand there is a global trend towards extreme individualism ; family anomie ; corruption and social violence; issues that compromiso much of the population; significantly increasing the risk of mental health disorders or worsen existing one’s. This morbid reality presents multifactorial etiology ranging from alterations in the genome to dysfunctional social factors and the complex interaction of both. The impact is observed in the individual; family and social environment; such condition being perpetuated by a overpowerd State; anethical medias and Thanatical culture; whose components are hedonism; debauchery and compulsive connectivity. Finally; from a holistic perspective; some alternatives are formulated in order to control or reduce such mism...

El consumo de marihuana es un tema controversial, aún más con la intensa campaña global para legalizarlo, argumentando sus beneficios medicinales; ocultándose sus efectos adictivos. El presente trabajo explica cómo esta droga afecta la estructura y funcionamiento del sistema nervioso. Los neurotransmisores involucrados en el proceso adictivo como la dopamina, involucrada con la sensación de placer, los receptores cannabinoides CB1 y CB2 con mayor distribución en el sistema nervioso central y periférico, respectivamente, los cuales además están asociados a alteraciones de la motivación y habilidades cognitivas. Hay variada información que refuerza la asociación entre el uso de marihuana y el debut o recaída de los trastornos psiquiátricos. La APA (American Psychiatry Association) considera que la marihuana no es beneficiosa para el tratamiento de trastornos psiquiátricos, ...

Uso medicinal de la marihuana: la discusiónpendiente - Réplica

Objective: Validation of a survey for making an indirect diagnosis of abuse/dependence of alcohol survey in the Peruvian Andes. Material and method: We used the database of The Mental Health Epidemiological Study conducted in the Peruvian Andes in 2003, which includes surveys assessing mental health. We used the direct diagnosis of alcohol abuse/dependence module in adult males, and indirect diagnosis of alcohol abuse/dependence survey in their spouses. The sample size was 1,302 adult couples. Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient was used in order to verify reliability of the tests. Validity of criteria was obtained by comparing them with the direct questionnaire and the validity of the construct was determined by using a factorial analysis. Results: The internal consistency of the questionnaire was 93.1%. The estimated probability of matching between the indirect survey and the ...

From the standpoint of an overall view, people are led into the controversial problem of addiction, the first step is to clear away the main scientific and social prejudices that distort the true visualization of this phenomenom, these prejudices  have an unsteadying influence in the handling of this problem in the health area and are further damaging to the community.  In addition, the definition of the OMS (CIE-10 Borrador) is ordered and organized, and from an ecological point of view we propose an etiological model be used. We also want to attack the national and international way that the drug problem is outlined, further, we want to clearly visualize the social and family environment of the patient. The psychopathology should be systematized both from the standpoint of the family environment as well as from the standpoint of the addict himself and his history of addiction...

Debido a su irreducible narcisismo el ilegítimo Presidente se sentía omnisciente, omnipotente, único e insustituible caudillo y salvador del país. En Brasil, Fujimori con soberbia declaró a la prensa que en el Perú no había alguien capaz de asumir el gobierno con responsabilidad y eficacia. El autócrata, su cúpula y su entorno servil, creían que sólo ellos podían gobernar el país; fantaseaban poco más o menos el apocalipsis. Al respecto, en 1995 la periodista inglesa Sally Bowen le formuló las siguientes preguntas: "¿qué pasaría con el Perú si mañana se cae el helicóptero presidencial o una bala asesina encuentra su objetivo? ". Con la seguridad de un omnipotente, Fujimori sonrió y replicó a su interlocutora: "No se preocupe”. " Yo seguiré gobernando el Perú desde el otro mundo”. "Modestia aparte". "Hay muchos pueblos en el mundo que quisieran tener un presid...

From the standpoint of an overall view, people are led into the controversial problem of addiction, the first step is to clear away the main scientific and social prejudices that distort the true visualization of this phenomenom, these prejudices  have an unsteadying influence in the handling of this problem in the health area and are further damaging to the community.  In addition, the definition of the OMS (CIE-10 Borrador) is ordered and organized, and from an ecological point of view we propose an etiological model be used. We also want to attack the national and international way that the drug problem is outlined, further, we want to clearly visualize the social and family environment of the patient. The psychopathology should be systematized both from the standpoint of the family environment as well as from the standpoint of the addict himself and his history of addiction...