Objective: The objective of this review is to identify the epidemiological risk factors that lead to spontaneous abortion Material and methods: A bibliographic review was conducted with a total of 100 results of scientific articles consulting the Scielo, Bvsalud, academic Google and PubMed databases over a period of the last 5 years, in Spanish and English. The complete articles were reviewed, mainly considering the articles that talk about the risk factors associated to spontaneous abortion. Results: It was identified that among the epidemiological risk factors associated to spontaneous abortion can be classified in two: genetic factors that highlight chromosomal abnormalities and polymorphisms; and among the non-genetic ones, the presence of infectious agents, socioeconomic, environmental, occupational causes, life history and endocrine and thrombophilic disorders. Conclusions:  I...