International law has sought to regulate human mobility throughout history, yet it still faces significant limitations and a marked Eurocentric bias. Forty years after the Cartagena Declaration on Refugees, this article analyzes the discussions of the Cartagena+40 Process, which resulted in the Chile Declaration and Plan of Action 2024–2034. These discussions identified the main normative and migration policy challenges in Latin America. This article aims to contribute to critical dialogue and encourage further research to update international law. It proposes, for example, to overcome the traditional dual legal typology between migrants and refugees as a condition for granting international protection, and to foresee the necessary legal inclusion of new legal terminologies and definitions. This would enable States to better address current challenges in this area, reaffirming the fund...