One of the major global problems facing the United Nations is climate change. Since the 90s of last cen-tury, there is the conviction that must change the socio- economic development model to one that is friendlier to the environment; but for this there must be a consensus among nations to make it happen. While there has been progress with the implementa-tion of the Kyoto Protocol in the sense of achieving a binding agreement, no progress has been made by the existence of different positions in the negotiations. That is why, in December 2014 will be held in Lima the XX Conference of the Parties in order to prepare a draft agreements to be discussed and approved at COP 21 to be held next year in Paris.The present article aims to analyze the context in which they are in a while doing these conferences and identify the difficulties in negotiations for an agreement to avoid increasing the po...

One of the major global problems that is affecting society and particularly the lower social strata is related to the environment and climate change. The earth poles are losing ice as well as glaciers in our country are melting, weather events are becoming more intense: hurricanes, storms, typhoons, droughts, El Niño.Although there is greater consensus on the potential serious damage, countries for various reasons have not yet found a way to continue the path indicated by the Kyoto Protocol, taking a new opportunity in the XXI Conference of the Parties in December 2015 in Paris.In this article we analyze two of the reasons that make difficult for countries to agree: 1. The level of economic activity of the countries is expressed on their rates of growth. If this growth is low, the issue of climate change is relegated; 2. The oil is considered to be the main source of energy used worldwi...

One of the major global problems facing the United Nations is climate change. Since the 90s of last cen-tury, there is the conviction that must change the socio- economic development model to one that is friendlier to the environment; but for this there must be a consensus among nations to make it happen. While there has been progress with the implementa-tion of the Kyoto Protocol in the sense of achieving a binding agreement, no progress has been made by the existence of different positions in the negotiations. That is why, in December 2014 will be held in Lima the XX Conference of the Parties in order to prepare a draft agreements to be discussed and approved at COP 21 to be held next year in Paris.The present article aims to analyze the context in which they are in a while doing these conferences and identify the difficulties in negotiations for an agreement to avoid increasing the po...

One of the major global problems that is affecting society and particularly the lower social strata is related to the environment and climate change. The earth poles are losing ice as well as glaciers in our country are melting, weather events are becoming more intense: hurricanes, storms, typhoons, droughts, El Niño.Although there is greater consensus on the potential serious damage, countries for various reasons have not yet found a way to continue the path indicated by the Kyoto Protocol, taking a new opportunity in the XXI Conference of the Parties in December 2015 in Paris.In this article we analyze two of the reasons that make difficult for countries to agree: 1. The level of economic activity of the countries is expressed on their rates of growth. If this growth is low, the issue of climate change is relegated; 2. The oil is considered to be the main source of energy used worldwi...

El cambio climático es una realidad preocupante, cada vez hay mayores coincidencias entre los científicos sobre sus causas y sus efectos. Con la ratificación del Protocolo de Kioto de 1997 los países firmantes aceptaron la necesidad de reducir la emisión de gases causantes del cambio climático, aun cuando esta reducción signifique costos para las empresas y naciones. El efecto invernadero es un fenómeno natural que ocurre en nuestro planeta, pero se ha visto alterado por las actividades de los seres humanos, los científicos señalan que una de las principales razones es la emisión excesiva de dióxido de carbono (CO2) generado en el consumo de recursos fósiles como el petróleo, carbón y gas natural. En los inicios de los años 70 ocurrió la llamada Primera Crisis de la Energía cuando los precios del petróleo subieron de manera importante, entonces la sociedad constató qu...

El cambio climático plasmado en el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible número 13 de las Naciones Unidas es un problema mundial que está ocasionando efectos nocivos en todos los países por lo que anualmente se ha estado realizando las Conferencias de las Partes para concordar medidas de mitigación y adaptación a los nuevos escenarios. Uno de los efectos negativos se dará en la agricultura por la ocurrencia de fenómenos climáticos extremos como sequías, inundaciones o cambios de temperaturas. El Fenómeno el Niño se presenta a nivel global y también de manera parcial en la zona costera de Ecuador y Perú. La zona norte del Perú tiene a la agricultura como una de sus principales actividades donde se producen productos importantes para el consumo interno y la exportación, intervienen también variables ambientales y climáticas que son expresiones del Fenómeno el Niño. La inves...