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The anchoring effect is defined as the tendency of human thought to the fixation on certain pieces of information that affect decision-making. In the same context, the underconfidence bias is understood as an agent’s propensity to underestimate his or her own objective performance. While some aspects of these phenomena are well known, there are no formal models that specifically describe the relationship between both. This paper presents: i) an experiment that illustrates the anchoring effect on the underconfidence bias by both reducing and amplifying such bias in the domain of geographic decision tasks and ii) the foundations of a new mathematical model that promotes precision in the study of the relationship between anchoring and underconfidence.

The anchoring effect is defined as the tendency of human thought to the fixation on certain pieces of information that affect decision-making. In the same context, the underconfidence bias is understood as an agent’s propensity to underestimate his or her own objective performance. While some aspects of these phenomena are well known, there are no formal models that specifically describe the relationship between both. This paper presents: i) an experiment that illustrates the anchoring effect on the underconfidence bias by both reducing and amplifying such bias in the domain of geographic decision tasks and ii) the foundations of a new mathematical model that promotes precision in the study of the relationship between anchoring and underconfidence.

The psychology of thinking has defined calibration as the relation of convergence or divergence between the objective success or actual performance and the subjective success or personal estimation of achievement. The most observed calibration phenomena known as overconfidence bias is defined as the predominance of the subjetive success over the objective success. This calibration bias has been studied in several tasks. The aim of the present study is to extend the state of the art on overconfidence bias in the direction of taste perception. An experiment was conducted to generate this distortion in tasks of identification and recognition of gustative stimuli. Results are consistent with previous studies and generalize the overconfidence bias to the gustative modality.

The psychology of thinking has defined calibration as the relation of convergence or divergence between the objective success or actual performance and the subjective success or personal estimation of achievement. The most observed calibration phenomena known as overconfidence bias is defined as the predominance of the subjetive success over the objective success. This calibration bias has been studied in several tasks. The aim of the present study is to extend the state of the art on overconfidence bias in the direction of taste perception. An experiment was conducted to generate this distortion in tasks of identification and recognition of gustative stimuli. Results are consistent with previous studies and generalize the overconfidence bias to the gustative modality.

Objective: This study aims to describe the relationship between personality and propositional reasoning regarding compound negations by using, in particular, De Morgan’s laws. Method: To evaluate personality traits, we used the Adjective Checklist for Personality Assessment, an instrument based on the Big Five theory and developed for the Argentine context. To assess reasoning, we used a task implemented in previous studies, according to which subjects had to find the logical equivalent of a compound negation. Four response options were offered: one was correct and the other three were linked to specific biases. Both the research study and the paradigm were developed on the basis of the Mental Models Theory of Negation. The study had a correlational design and included 150 university students. Results: We found that factors such as neuroticism, extraversion, and agreeableness were link...

The aim of this study is to evaluate within and across priming between taste and vision. The data showed a facilitation in recognition of studied stimuli in relation to new stimuli in the experiment of within priming. In the experiments of within and across priming, the recognition of the studied stimuli did not differ significantly from the recognition of new stimuli. In both studies, the results showed that the processing time required to recognize studied stimuli were smaller than the time required for new stimuli. There was a negative correlation between processing time and recognition. The occurrence of within and across priming between taste and vision are consistent with the evidence of this studies.

The aim of this study is to evaluate within and across priming between taste and vision. The data showed a facilitation in recognition of studied stimuli in relation to new stimuli in the experiment of within priming. In the experiments of within and across priming, the recognition of the studied stimuli did not differ significantly from the recognition of new stimuli. In both studies, the results showed that the processing time required to recognize studied stimuli were smaller than the time required for new stimuli. There was a negative correlation between processing time and recognition. The occurrence of within and across priming between taste and vision are consistent with the evidence of this studies.