(i) Since the eighties, the European Union has implemented a policy aimed to achieve that the services of general economic interest are truly integrated in the internal market. To this end, European regulation has liberalized and harmonized the legal framework of the main economic sectors. Significant progress towards European integration has been achieved. However, the internal market is still not truly effective. (ii) Conversely, non- economic services are primarily the responsibility of Member States. They are not covered by the internal market rules, although the general provisions of the Treaty are to be applied.

El artículo no presenta resumen.

(i) Since the eighties, the European Union has implemented a policy aimed to achieve that the services of general economic interest are truly integrated in the internal market. To this end, European regulation has liberalized and harmonized the legal framework of the main economic sectors. Significant progress towards European integration has been achieved. However, the internal market is still not truly effective. (ii) Conversely, non- economic services are primarily the responsibility of Member States. They are not covered by the internal market rules, although the general provisions of the Treaty are to be applied.

No presenta resumen

La renovación de las infraestructuras en telecomunicaciones ha determinado el paso de las clásicas infraestructuras fijas a redes inalámbricas de gran capacidad o redes de acceso de nueva generación (NGA). En el presente artículo, el autor realiza un interesante análisis sobre las consecuencias jurídicas de la implantación de las NGA. ¿Resulta aplicable el tradicional modelo regulatorio? ¿Las NGA incrementarán la regulación ex ante? Estas son solo algunas de las preguntas que el autor intenta resolver a lo largo de la presente exposición

The imposition of administrative sanctions for breach of competition law mustrespect the principles of personal responsibility and culpability. In this sense, it isrequired that the action has been autonomously decided by the company. For thesame reason, the principle of legitimate expectations can exclude liability. The directresponsibility of the companies is complemented by the responsibility of themanagers. Spanish legislation affirms the principle of joint and several liabilityin cases of multiple authorship. Breaches of competition law by companies formingpart of a group can be attributed to the parent company, unless its subsidiaryacted autonomously. Responsibility is not always extinguished in case of businessand organizational changes and companies succession.

(i) Since the eighties, the European Union has implemented a policy aimed to achieve that the services of general economic interest are truly integrated in the internal market. To this end, European regulation has liberalized and harmonized the legal framework of the main economic sectors. Significant progress towards European integration has been achieved. However, the internal market is still not truly effective. (ii) Conversely, non- economic services are primarily the responsibility of Member States. They are not covered by the internal market rules, although the general provisions of the Treaty are to be applied.

El artículo no presenta resumen.