El plebiscito constitucional chileno de septiembre de 2022 representó un momento crítico en la política del país, marcado por una intensa campaña de desinformación generada por sectores conservadores que se oponían al cambio constitucional. Este ensayo analiza cómo esta estrategia, fundamentada en un marco de posverdad, buscó exacerbar respuestas emocionales en el electorado, desplazando el debate racional sobre el contenido de la propuesta constitucional. Se argumenta que la desinformación operó reactivando y adaptando narrativas históricas de enemización, particularmente contra el pueblo mapuche, presentándolo como una amenaza espectral para la estabilidad nacional y el orden político-administrativo. A través de un análisis conceptual que integra las teorías de la sociedad de control (Deleuze, Negri y Hardt), el capitalismo biocognitivo (Fumagalli) y la construcción ...

This article explores the phenomenon of disinformation, emphasizing the 2016 Colombian case (Peace Plebiscite) and the Chilean case of 2022 (Constitutional Convention). The premise is that these articulations were deployed for specific political purposes, within a context of heightened narratives and positions framed by a post-truth regime, understood as an intensification of emotionally charged argumentation. Furthermore, the infodemics of 2016 in Colombia and 2022 in Chile arose under specific enabling conditions, ranging from enemy-making strategies and current modes of production to techno-scientific advances and new understandings and practices of warfare. It is argued that only an interdisciplinary strategy can understand and stabilize such phenomena conceptually and categorically.

Inside the Cretaceous stratigraphy of the Peruvian South Highlands, two clastic sequences can be distinguished, an inferior siliciclastic denominated Angostura Formation and a superior one, those ordered inside the Vilquechico and Muñani formations. These sequences are separated by a conspicuous carbonated level «Ayabacas Formation», which has the particularity of being presented in two ways: (a) a non-deformed, bed-growing, carbonated level, and (b) a level presenting an intense deformation, essentially made up of blocks of carbonates, where it is possible to distinguish both sandstone blocks and/or clasts, i.e. extraclasts. This particularity of this carbonated level had its origin in a distensional tectonics which favoured the olistrostomic character of these limestones.

Inside the Cretaceous stratigraphy of the Peruvian South Highlands, two clastic sequences can be distinguished, an inferior siliciclastic denominated Angostura Formation and a superior one, those ordered inside the Vilquechico and Muñani formations. These sequences are separated by a conspicuous carbonated level «Ayabacas Formation», which has the particularity of being presented in two ways: (a) a non-deformed, bed-growing, carbonated level, and (b) a level presenting an intense deformation, essentially made up of blocks of carbonates, where it is possible to distinguish both sandstone blocks and/or clasts, i.e. extraclasts. This particularity of this carbonated level had its origin in a distensional tectonics which favoured the olistrostomic character of these limestones.