Pterygium is one of the ophthalmological diseases that affects a large part of the population and the long-term repercussions can be permanent if not treated in time, even more so in an environment where ophthalmological health is underestimated. PURPOSE: This research study plans to search for the main risk factors associated with the development of primary pterygium. METHODOLOGY: It is an observational, cross-sectional and analytical study that includes 110 participants who came to the outpatient clinic of the ophthalmology service of a level III hospital in the city of Iquitos from April to July 2022. To the participants, to the leaving the outpatient clinic, they were given a questionnaire with the questions according to the study variables. RESULTS: Of the 110 study participants, 96 of them had the disease (87.3%). In addition, male sex, age over 40 years, exposed occupation, rural ...