One of the main challenges on the agenda of indigenous affairs has been related to the link between the political-legal system and the mechanisms recognized by the system of uses and customs to integrate variety in political participation, and the community organization, mainly of rural contexts. Said relationship reflects the State's treatment of difference, multiculturalism, and citizenships proposed by an indigenous political organization of customary laws, as in the case of the municipality of Ixmiquilpan, in the state of Hidalgo, Mexico. This article addresses some questions to understand how this link has been between indigenous society and the political system, through the analysis of its community organization: its social and political structure, and the mechanisms of citizen participation derived from it. It starts from historical institutionalism as a theoretical tool to explai...