This text explores different socio-historical and theoretical contents that shape the current experiences of women who live in the territories of what is known today as the north of Chile. The objective is to contribute to the theoretical approach in the analysis of social and gender inequalities in a context marked by mining extractivism and the vulnerability of its inhabitants. From a gender perspective, we analyze extractivism in the area and its consequences beyond environmental issues. The main conclusion is that the intersection of the issues addressed requires complex analyses where they can converge to strengthen the fusion of issues with a denouncing and innovative perspective.

In Chile, there are small advances in terms of participation and recognition, but not with the necessary strength for indigenous citizens to be considered subjects of law and Chile as an intercultural State. The reality is close to an institutional multiculturalism, where the possibility of participation is mediated by power structures. In a little known scenario, indigenous communities in Chile continue to pre-exist with their own organizational logics, where the objectives of internal governance are modified according to neoliberal and extractivist times. Through an analytical methodology, reflections are presented on the Chilean situation and its historical and identity particularities; such as the relationship with extractivism in indigenous territories and the continuity of colonial logics, which configure a nation-state far from indigenous participation, bringing it closer to a mul...