This article aimed to carry out a systematic review of rainwater harvesting and storage systems (RWHSS) between 2012 and 2022. This study used the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement (PRISMA) as reviewing method. The systematic review process involved four stages: identification, screening, eligibility and inclusion. To carry out this research, the Scopus, ScienceDirect and Springer Link digital databases were consulted using the keywords “rainwater”, “storage”, “harvesting”, “rural”, “treatment”; initially obtaining 581 results, after filtering the information through PRISMA, 15 articles were obtained to carry out the analysis of the results linked to the questions raised in this work. The results showed that all the RWHSS have four main components: 1) Catchment area, 2) gutters, 3) pipes and 4) storage syste...