Acknowledgments Mr. Jordán-Suárez thanks the financial support given by the Ministry of Education of Peru (MINEDU) through the project 179-2015-FONDECYT-DE for doctoral studies in Food Sciences at UNALM. The authors acknowledge the facilities provided by the Center of Spectroscopy and Electron Microscopy (CESMI) of the University of Concepcion and the support provided by Dr. Gladys Ocharan for the SEM-EDS images analysis in Lima.

Background and objective: Andean lupin (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) has health benefits with promising possibilities for food industry. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of processing (water debittering, extrusion, and spray-drying) on chemical composition, heat damage and in vitro protein digestibility in Andean lupin. Findings: The processing treatment modified all the parameters while the genotype showed limited effect. The untreated lupins had high protein and lipid content (47.4 and 16.2 g/100 g dry matter). The extruded products showed higher protein content (55.7 g/100 g) and digestibility (68.1%) than the untreated lupins, along with limited heat damage (8.7 mg furosine/100 g protein). Spray-drying led to the lowest protein content (31.8 g/100 g) and, when maltodextrin was used, the highest heat damage (54.1 ± 20.7 mg furosine/100 g protein; 0.60 mg hydroxymethyl...

Andean lupin (Lupinus mutabilis) seeds are appreciated for their high protein and lipid contents and have potential applications as ingredients in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Nevertheless, the information about the seed composition (especially in lipophilic antioxidants) of ecotypes from distinct cropping areas is currently limited. Thus, the aim of the present research was to assess the morphological characteristics, chemical composition, tocopherol and carotenoid contents of the seeds of 33 Andean lupin ecotypes from different Peruvian regions, along with three L. albus, one L. angustifolius and one L. luteus controls. Significant differences were noted among the Andean ecotypes for all analyzed features. The protein, lipid and ash contents were 32.0–46.9, 13.6–18.6 and 2.7–4.4 g/100 g dry matter (DM), respectively. The seeds were rich in tocopherols (172.1–2...