Aim: Black triangles (open gingival embrasures) result from a reduction in the height of the interdental papilla below the contact point and can lead to food impaction, alveolar bone loss, difficulties in plaque control, compromised esthetics, and speech problems. Since achieving a harmonious and esthetic smile is one of the primary goals of orthodontic treatment, identifying risk factors associated with these spaces is of great clinical importance. The aim of the present study was to investigate and compare risk factors related to the occurrence of black triangles after orthodontic treatment. Methods: Records of 47 patients between the ages of 14-34 years old, all treated with fixed orthodontics using the MBT 0.22 system and bilateral premolar extraction, were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence (n=25) or absence (n=22) of black triangle...