Objective: Cancer therapy may cause cardiovascular toxicity even after successful treatment. It is unknown the cardioprotective role of carvedilol in this setting. We evaluated the role of carvedilol for the prevention of left ventricular systolic dysfunction in chemotherapy patients. Materials and methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials were performed through PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, SciELO and ClinicalTrials.gov, including trials that evaluated and compared the difference of left ventricular ejection fraction (pre- and post-chemotherapy) in patients with and without carvedilol treatment. The effect size was expressed as the standardized difference (d) and the mean difference between groups with 95 % confidence interval. Results: Nine thousand seven hundred forty-nine (9,749) manuscripts were screened. Four (4) studies consisting of a total of 343 ...