Introduction: Gratitude is associated with psychological well-being and reduced psychopathology; however, the widely used Gratitude Questionnaire-6 (GQ-6) has shown inconsistent psychometric performance across cultures, particularly due to Item 6. In Latin America, evidence suggests that the abbreviated GQ-5 performs better, but no validation study has been conducted in the Peruvian context. Objective: This study examined the psychometric properties of the Gratitude Questionnaire-6 (GQ-6) and its revised version, the Gratitude Questionnaire-5 (GQ-5), in a sample of 444 Peruvian college students. Method: Participants completed the Spanish version of the Gratitude Questionnaire adapted by Quezada Berumen et al. (2023), along with additional measures to assess convergent validity. We conducted Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to evaluate the dimensi...

Background: The increasing use of smartphones has raised concerns about problematic use and its impact on mental health. Assessing smartphone addiction requires valid and reliable instruments, such as the Test of Mobile Phone Dependence Brief (TMDbrief), which has been widely used in various cultural contexts. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the TMDbrief, including its factorial structure, internal consistency, measurement invariance across gender, and convergent validity with depression and phubbing behaviors in Peruvian university students. Method: In this cross-sectional study, a sample of 954 students completed the TMDbrief, the PHQ-9 to assess depression, and the Phubbing Scale to measure phone-related social disruptions. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) tested the four-factor structure, and McDonald's omega...