Noise, responsible to sound pollution, is catalogued as the energy originated by a vibratory phenomenon that is detected by the ear and causes a sensation of discomfort, that affects people, causing affectations in hearing, physiological functions, mental health, behavior, and performance of people. However, it is the most ignored environmental pollutant. Due this reason, we carried study to assess perception of the effects produced by the sound pressure since the vehicle fleet on the basic cognitive skills of elementary school students. We conducted noise monitoring in the areas surrounding the educational institution and we applied surveys related to sound perception and its effects on basic cognitive skills, specifically on attention, concentration and memory in elementary school children. The results obtained from the noise monitoring showed that the sound pressure levels in the stud...