Due to digital revolution, mass media has a great presence in people's lives. Hence, there is a prevailing media culture of incessant and changing information. This generates the need to develop a media literacy to be taught as part of a media competence in Peruvian classrooms. This would be presented with greater complexity and precision within the Peruvian National Curriculum of Basic Education in order to accomplish the ideal of the knowledge society. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to carry out a theoretical review and an analysis of media literacy and its realization as a media competence in the curriculum. Because of this, it is concluded that some aspects of media competence are present in different curricular areas (Art and Culture, Communication, Social Sciences and Personal Development Citizenship and Civics) in addition to the transversal competence 28. However, these...