The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sex, average daily gain (ADG) and purchase size on performance and gross monthly profitability (GMR) and to know the structure of association between economic and performance variables in grazing cattle located under rainy tropical conditions in Colombia. The records of 598 cattle from the years 2016 to 2021 were analysed. The animals were classified by sex and into three groups based on the live weight (small, medium, and large) when purchased. The least squares methodology was used to determine the influence of the effects and their interaction on the GMR (p<0.05). The final model included the factors of sex, size and their interaction while ADG and days to fattening (DF) were included as linear covariates within the model. The principal component analysis methodology was used to discover the association structure between variables...

Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis (EPM) is an infectious neurological disease with a high percentage of mortality that affects equines that share habitat with their definitive host; however, it has not been widely reported in endemic regions. In Colombia, a country with wide distribution of the host, a veterinarian is consulted for a clinical case of an equine with neurological and muscular symptoms compatible with EPM. Antibiotic and anticoccidial treatment was immediately initiated when this pathology is suspected, and a blood sample was sent to confirm the diagnosis in the laboratory. The sample was positive for the sarcocystin toxin produced by the protozoan S. neurona. The equine responded positively and fully recovered five months after treatment. This case report shows the importance of taking this pathology into account as a differential diagnosis to establish an effective treat...

Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis (EPM) is an infectious neurological disease with a high percentage of mortality that affects equines that share habitat with their definitive host; however, it has not been widely reported in endemic regions. In Colombia, a country with wide distribution of the host, a veterinarian is consulted for a clinical case of an equine with neurological and muscular symptoms compatible with EPM. Antibiotic and anticoccidial treatment was immediately initiated when this pathology is suspected, and a blood sample was sent to confirm the diagnosis in the laboratory. The sample was positive for the sarcocystin toxin produced by the protozoan S. neurona. The equine responded positively and fully recovered five months after treatment. This case report shows the importance of taking this pathology into account as a differential diagnosis to establish an effective treat...

The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of a bovine simulator for transrectal palpation practices. A commercial bovine simulator and four non-pregnant bovine females were used. The study included 20 and 22 students without experience in transrectal palpation who participated in the experimental (I) and control (II) group, respectively. The students of group I were trained with the simulator for the location of cervix, uterus and ovaries, while those of group II received a traditional practice, consisting of working with reproductive tracts in situ. Then, both groups were evaluated by two expert instructors in four cows regarding the correct location of the anatomical structures. The Chi square test determined differences in the degree of accuracy of the recognition of the anatomical structures between groups (p<0.05), having a better level of recognition of the structure...

The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of a bovine simulator for transrectal palpation practices. A commercial bovine simulator and four non-pregnant bovine females were used. The study included 20 and 22 students without experience in transrectal palpation who participated in the experimental (I) and control (II) group, respectively. The students of group I were trained with the simulator for the location of cervix, uterus and ovaries, while those of group II received a traditional practice, consisting of working with reproductive tracts in situ. Then, both groups were evaluated by two expert instructors in four cows regarding the correct location of the anatomical structures. The Chi square test determined differences in the degree of accuracy of the recognition of the anatomical structures between groups (p<0.05), having a better level of recognition of the structure...