The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and allele associations of locus of enterocyte effacement encoded esp and tir genes among 181 enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) strains (90 diarrhoea-associated and 91 controls) isolated from Peruvian children under 18 months of age. We analysed espA, espB, espD and tir alleles by PCR-RFLP. EPEC strains were isolated with higher frequency from healthy controls (91/424, 21.7 %) than from diarrhoeal samples (90/936, 9.6 %) (P,0.001); 28.9% of diarrhoeal and 17.6% of control samples were typical EPEC (tEPEC). The distribution of espA alleles (alpha, beta, beta2 and gamma) and espD alleles (alpha, beta, gamma and a new variant, espD-N1) between tEPEC and atypical EPEC (aEPEC) was significantly different (P,0.05). espD-alpha was more common among acute episodes (P,0.05). espB typing resulted in five alleles (alpha, beta, gamma and tw...

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, virulence factors (stx, eae, ehxA and astA) and phylogenetic relationships [PFGE and multilocus sequence typing (MLST)] of Shiga toxinproducing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains isolated from four previous cohort studies in 2212 Peruvian children aged ,36 months. STEC prevalence was 0.4% (14/3219) in diarrhoeal and 0.6% (15/2695) in control samples. None of the infected children developed haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) or other complications of STEC. stx1 was present in 83% of strains, stx2 in 17 %, eae in 72 %, ehxA in 59% and astA in 14 %. The most common serotype was O26: H11 (14%) and the most common seropathotype was B (45 %). The strains belonged mainly to phylogenetic group B1 (52 %). The distinct combinations of alleles across the seven MLST loci were used to define 13 sequence types among 19 STEC strains. PFGE typing of 20 ...

This article deals with a simplified application of flow through a ball valve by using the Cosmos/ Floworks 2001 Program.

This article deals with a simplified application of flow through a ball valve by using the Cosmos/ Floworks 2001 Program.

Objective: To identify the epidemiological characteristics of patients starting chronic hemodialysis during 2015 in the Alberto Sabogal Sologuren, EsSalud Hospital. Callao, Peru. Material and Methods: Observational and descriptive cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of 30 patients who started chronic hemodialysis therapy in the Alberto Sabogal Sologuren, Hospital EsSalud. Information was obtained through a form developed by the researcher through two sources; medical history and by reference of the same patient and / or family. The main epidemiological variables collected were: personal and clinical data, emphasizing the latter on the previous control in pre dialysis stage, that is, if the patients had some preparation by a team of renal dialysis health professionals for their scheduled entry for dialysis. Results: The mean age was 62.3 years, and 53.3% of patients were...

Chronic appendicitis is a rare entity characterized by pain in the right iliac Fossa during 2 years of evolution. Some surgeons and pathologists deny the existence of this disease; in contrast, there are studies of different authors that reported findings of chronic appendicitis. Male patient, 71 years- old, with pain in the right iliac Fossa of 2 weeks of evolution which remitted partially throughout his presentation, not associated with nausea, vomiting or anorexia. Physical examination revealed bounce in right iliac Fossa and blood count without Leukocytosis and forms segmented within normal parameters. History of 2 years of similar symptoms with resolution spontaneously. It was decided to carry out exploratory laparotomy; the operative finding was a cecal appendix of 1 cm of length with adherence of its distal part to the abdominal wall, exerting traction. Postoperatively the patient...

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OBJETIVODeterminar el efecto y actividad antinociceptiva de las hojas de Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz & Pav) Briq. “chuchuhuasi” mediante la prueba de contorsiones abdominales en roedor.MATERIAL Y MÉTODOSe utilizaron 40 ratones albinos machos, con pesos medios de 25g, se empleó la prueba de contorsiones abdominales para determinar la actividad antinociceptiva. El grupo Control, no recibió ninguna sustancia. Se administró extracto etanólico de las hojas de M. macrocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Briq. 2000 mg/kg, Tramadol 10 mg/kg y Diclofenaco sódico 10 mg/kg. Las sustancias fueron administradas por la vía oral una hora antes de la inducción de dolor. Para la validación estadística se usó la prueba de Shapiro-Wilk, ANOVA de una cola, Tukey, y Newman-Keuls.RESULTADOSEl número de contorsiones abdominales fue 41+/- 3.04, 27+/- 3.55, 9 +/- 4.14, y 18 +/- 2.65 respectivamente. El por...