In this research, the whey potential for optimization of biogas production by anaerobic co – digestion with cow dung was studied. It used a two-component multifactorial – design, where it was studied four batch type - biodigesters of 4 liters on a laboratory scale with different whey concentrations (0%, 10%, 30%, 50%) and dilute cow dung in relation 1:1.5, each one in three replications. The experimentation was performed under temperature control of 35°C±2°C; and pH control between 6.4 to 6.9 by the addition of NaOH 3N; with an average of 7% of total solids and a holding time of 35 days. Below these conditions, the 2nd biodigester with 10% of whey, it was the one which generate the largest amount of biogas with 37.9 liters in total; the 3rd biodigester, with 30% of whey generates 24.2 liters of biogas; and the 4th biodigester, with 50% of whey generates 14.5 liters. The reduction ...

The objective of this research was to compare the best structure of a Neural Network (ANN) with a multivariate nonlinear regression model (MNLR) to predict the physicochemical quality parameters of milk. To create a predictor model for the livestock sector, 3 input and 6 output variables were used. To achieve this, a Feedforward ANN with Backpropagation training algorithms was applied. For the models, the Matlab 2020a software was used. The lowest mean absolute deviation (MAD) was found to be 0.00715952, corresponding to a Neural Network with 2 hidden layers (18 and 19), with Tansig and log sig type function, respectively. MNLR models had R2 values greater than 0.9. Cross-Validation with 10 interactions was used for this purpose. For comparison, a Duncan test was used where it was found that there are no statistically significant differences between the real sample, the MNLR, and the ANN...

The applicability of Peleg model to predict mass transfer kinetics during the osmotic dehydration (OD) process of yacon was investigated by using 3 different concentrations of sucrose solution, 3 vacuum pressures, 3 temperatures and 9 times. When analyzing the effect on solids gain, it shows a linear effect over time, while the other parameters show quadratic effects. Similarly, the loss of water continues to have a linear trend as a function of time, while for the other parameters there is a decreasing behavior as temperature, concentration and pressure increase. The equilibrium values predicted by the Peleg equation were very close to the experimental ones, with values of R2>0.98. Regarding the Peleg's rate constants, the results showed that that K1 was significantly (p<0.05) affected as the concentration of … and the temperature were increased. With regard to K2, this constant was s...

The objective was to implement a semolina percentage recognition system using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and multivariate data analysis. For this purpose, 6 samples were an aly zed with different percentages ofsemolina(20, 4 0, 6 0, 8 0 an d 100 %). Samples were repeated 20 times. The observed NIR sp ect rum was absorbance in the range of 1100 and 2500 nm. In order to reduce the data, the analysis of main components was used by testing 24 classification models, from which the one that reached the highest level of precision was the Linear Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm, reaching 98.8%, achieving fairly satisfactory discriminatio n with values of PC1 (99.7%), PC2 (0.3%) and PC3 (0.1%), reachin g a total cumulative variation of the contribution of th e first 3 P Cs o f 99.9%. Partial Least Regression (PLS) models applied to NIR- spectra showed R2 between 0.9388. These values d...

The objective was to implement a non-invasive classification system for green coffee beans by using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and multivariate data analysis. For this, 4 types of coffee were analyzed, according to variety and geographical location. The samples were repeated 5 times. The observed NIR spectrum was absorbance in the range of 1100 and 2500 nm. In order to reduce the data, the analysis of main components was used by testing 24 classification models, from which the one that reached the highest level of precision was the Linear Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm, reaching 98.8%, achieving fairly satisfactory discrimination with values of PC1 (97.9%), PC2 (1.9%) and PC3 (0.1%), reaching a total cumulative variation of the contribution of the first 3 PCs of 99.9%. These values demonstrated that NIR spectroscopy is a valid alternative for classification by geographical ...

The idea of using microalgae as a biosource of biodiesel is being taken seriously because of the escalating price of fossil fuel. The objective the research was to determine the optimal levels of concentrations of sulfate, carbonate, nitrate and phosphate in the performance of biomass, by assessing the individual and combined effect of concentrations on the growing of the microalgae, through the application of a type-24 factorial experimental design in the performance of Botryococcus braunii biomass isolated in the high-Andean zone of Cajamarca-Perú. According to the results of the study of individual effects of these four salts, it was stated that carbonate and nitrate salts have significant effect on the growing of Botryococcus braunii (p<0.05). This was characterized by using a chromatography equipment of gases adapted to mass and it was found that hydrocarbons generated have 26 to 3...