In the present study, the spatial and temporal distribution of aquatic insects was analyzed in 10 streams located between the middle basin of the Nanay River (Zone 1: San Pedro, Santa Cruz, Tambishi, Agua Negra and Llanchama) and the area of influence of the highway axis. Iquitos-Nauta (Zone 2: Habanillo, Lindero, Pintuyacu, Tocón and Paujil); in three collection periods: emptying mean, emptying and growing mean, Loreto, Peru - 2019. A total wealth of 63 families was reported, distributed in 10 orders (Ephemeroptera, Odonata, Plecoptera, Blattodea, Megaloptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Trichoptera, Lepidoptera and Diptera) and an abundance of 4,771 individuals; where Chironomidae was the most representative family, with 1,826 (38.27%) individuals reported. The results of spatial distribution show that there are significant differences between the collections of Zone 1 and 2 (p = 0.01), re...