This thesis aimed to determine the effect of tax pressure on labor informality through a linear econometric model with a Granger causality scheme. The results showed that there is a positive and significant effect of 1.73 percentage points on labor informality when tax pressure increases by 1 percentage point. This means that as tax pressure increases, so does the rate of labor informality. These results can have important implications for tax and labor policy, as they suggest that tax increases can have a negative impact on formal employment. The results also highlight the importance of finding an adequate balance between tax collection and the promotion of formal employment and the reduction of labor informality. In summary, the research provides empirical evidence on the relationship between tax pressure and labor informality, and emphasizes the need to consider these factors when des...

This research analyzes the relationship between financial inclusion and economic growth in the Loreto region from 2009 to 2023. Using a quantitative, correlational approach with a non-experimental design, key variables such as formal and informal employment, access to credit, and per capita GDP were examined to understand the impact of financial inclusion in a region characterized by high levels of informality and structural limitations. The findings reveal a positive, albeit moderate, correlation between financial inclusion and economic growth, highlighting the role of alternative financial institutions, such as municipal credit unions, in providing access to credit for informal sectors. Additionally, a strong relationship was found between per capita GDP and financial inclusion, suggesting a virtuous cycle between income growth and demand for financial services. The conclusions undersc...