Objective: To compare scar formation between regenerated nanocellulose dermal substitutes and xenografts in patients with deep second-degree thermal burns. Materials and methods: A comparative, interventional, analytical, prospective and longitudinal study was conducted. We present the report of 60 cases evaluated in a private clinic in Lima, Peru, between January 2022 and July 2023. Patients aged 1 to 60 years without comorbidities were evaluated for scar formation from deep second-degree thermal burns within the first 24 hours of the accident. Both dermal substitutes were used in all patients. The study was authorized with informed consent. Results: An evaluation was conducted at 90 days, showing better scar formation with the synthetic dermal substitute made of nanocellulose compared to the xenograft. The results were evaluated using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) (vascularization, pi...