We describe the case of a male patient aged 17, Lima student who had no history of known tuberculosis contact, nonreactive HIV ELISA, diagnosed 21 days befote admission with active pulmonary tuberculosis, sputum smear 3 +, who was started with first line antituberculosis drugs. He was admitted to the hospital for pleural chest pain of sudden onset, and moderate dyspnea; on physical examination there was abolition of vocal vibrations, absence of breath sounds and hyperresonance in right hemithorax, compatible with pneumothorax on that side. Chest radiograph showed significant pulmonary collapse in the right hemithorax. Chest tube and water seal drainage were placed and he continued specific treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis. He had a torpid evolution, complicated by pyogenic empyema requiring thoracostomy with prolonged hospitalization. Spontaneous pneumothorax due to newly diagnosed a...

A 52 year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of large pericardial effusion and symptoms of recurrent hypoglycaemia. He had no history of smoking or diabetes mellitus and was taking no medication. Diagnostic pericardiocentesis was performed and 1 430 mL of bloody-stained fluid was obtained. The exudate showed neutrophils positive to adenosin deaminase (ADA) test. Chest X-ray and computed tomography showed a left lung hilar mass resembling a lung neoplasm, with pleural and pericardial effusion. It was a lung cancer of unusual presentation, with pleural and pericardial metastasis and a paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by recurrent hypoglycaemia as initial manifestation.