Following the implementation of the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code (COIP), Ecuadorian criminal law has shifted toward a rights-based model in which punishment is conceived not only as a sanction but also as an instrument for rehabilitation, in accordance with the constitutional principles of human dignity, defense, and due process. The study aims to analyze the right to social reintegration from a constitutional perspective, incorporating the contributions of legal neuroscience as an innovative approach. The research was conducted using a mixed approach. At the qualitative level, deductive, synthetic, and exegetical methods were applied to analyze Ecuadorian legislation, especially Article 201 of the Constitution, and its relationship with neuroscientific postulates. In the quantitative component, a survey was administered to 381 lawyers in private practice in Ecuador, selected from...