One of the debates in the field of social sciences in Peru refers to the characteristics or nature of the ruling class. Today, despite the criticism, the use of the term "oligarchy" is the most common. Two recent publications persist in using that term, and have reintroduced an old argument in the current debate. Sociologist Henry Pease (1977) notes that the State "was directly controlled by a closed oligarchy where agricultural exporters had hegemony. They imposedtheir terms of foreign conduct until the 30's without question" (Pease, 1977: 217).

La vida es una asociación particular entre materia y energía (Figura 1); es una estructura dinámica, conformada por una variedad de elementos conectados, compartiendo, incorporando y expulsando energía'. La vida es un sistema en constante proceso de adaptación, que se auto organiza y se reproduce (Figura 2). En ese despliegue y desarrollo cada entidad viva asegura su continuidad modificándose, o mejor, transformándose. La continuidad implica transformación2.

Se suele pensar que las organizaciones solo generan valor económico, al que se le da una medición en términos monetarios. Sin embargo, también producen valor a través de los comportamientos que despliegan, de los mensajes que difunden con sus comportamientos, de la publicidad que utilizan a través de los medios, del lenguaje que emplean para comunicarse, del sentido que transmiten para todos los que se relacionan con la organización y de la consciencia que provocan en sus grupos de interés. Se requiere una herramienta que integre todos los tipos de valor (valor-sistema) para realizar una nueva y distinta medición. Ello es posible utilizando una propuesta teórico metodológica que observe e integre diferentes disciplinas. Se trabaja desde una mirada teórica de sistemas complejos.

Abstract: To answer the question, and then what? it is first necessary to ask ourselves how we appeared on Earth and how we got to where we are; then to answer what happens today; and, finally, to try to establish how our disturbed human system might unfold in the future. Development and preparation of this document use a complex systems perspective. The link between human system components is considered as a social energy that can unite or repel. The greater the cohesion energy, the greater the adaptive capacity of the system; its continuity implies transformation. Entropic energy leads to collapse. The human system historical deployment has generated changes in the predominance of cohesion and repulsion energies that have manifested themselves in the pattern of bonds., Entropic energy has been enhanced with the appearance of the COVID-19 pandemic. The same goes for the growth of mental...

Se exponen los motivos que llevaron al General Caravedo a incorporarse al ejército libertador y dejar el cargo de Prefecto del departamento de Junín durante el gobierno del Sr. José Rufino Echeqnique a principios del año 1851.

La responsabilidad social es un nuevo paradigma que orienta el comportamiento de las organizaciones y la percepción de la población con relación a aquellas La responsabilidad social de la empresa se ha convertido en un tema y un proceso indispensables para la transformación  social , todavía se requiere extenderlos a otras organizaciones de la sociedad además de adecuarse a las nuevas exigencias de la sociedad y del mercado.  

Abstract: To answer the question, and then what? it is first necessary to ask ourselves how we appeared on Earth and how we got to where we are; then to answer what happens today; and, finally, to try to establish how our disturbed human system might unfold in the future. Development and preparation of this document use a complex systems perspective. The link between human system components is considered as a social energy that can unite or repel. The greater the cohesion energy, the greater the adaptive capacity of the system; its continuity implies transformation. Entropic energy leads to collapse. The human system historical deployment has generated changes in the predominance of cohesion and repulsion energies that have manifested themselves in the pattern of bonds., Entropic energy has been enhanced with the appearance of the COVID-19 pandemic. The same goes for the growth of mental...

This paper focuses on presenting social responsibility from the angle of ethics. The focus of this work is based on a descriptive analysis that allows us to understand the paradigm shift of corporate responsibility in its social context. Previously, the main objective of corporate social responsibility was the generation of competitiveness in the country. Nowadays, there are new conceptions of developing CSR. Consequently, the author will focus on social responsibility from a perspective of new ethics and this could be a transformative axis in favor of the population. Therefore, throughout the text it will be possible to appreciate how CSR is related to the concept of sustainable development since there is an economic, environmental and social baseline that requires lasting changes over time linked to the company. Second, there will be an important analysis of the reconfiguration of the ...

No contiene resumen

Páginas 189-200

No presenta resumen

No contiene resumen

In the last few months, the anguish of the peoples of the provinces to find a solution to the problems derived from the current Lima centralism has been clearly seen. The different assemblies and popular fronts in the departments of Loreto, Cusco, Ayacucho, etc., are social manifestations of a problem in the constitution and nature of Peruvian society.

This paper focuses on presenting social responsibility from the angle of ethics. The focus of this work is based on a descriptive analysis that allows us to understand the paradigm shift of corporate responsibility in its social context. Previously, the main objective of corporate social responsibility was the generation of competitiveness in the country. Nowadays, there are new conceptions of developing CSR. Consequently, the author will focus on social responsibility from a perspective of new ethics and this could be a transformative axis in favor of the population. Therefore, throughout the text it will be possible to appreciate how CSR is related to the concept of sustainable development since there is an economic, environmental and social baseline that requires lasting changes over time linked to the company. Second, there will be an important analysis of the reconfiguration of the ...

Abstract: To answer the question, and then what? it is first necessary to ask ourselves how we appeared on Earth and how we got to where we are; then to answer what happens today; and, finally, to try to establish how our disturbed human system might unfold in the future. Development and preparation of this document use a complex systems perspective. The link between human system components is considered as a social energy that can unite or repel. The greater the cohesion energy, the greater the adaptive capacity of the system; its continuity implies transformation. Entropic energy leads to collapse. The human system historical deployment has generated changes in the predominance of cohesion and repulsion energies that have manifested themselves in the pattern of bonds., Entropic energy has been enhanced with the appearance of the COVID-19 pandemic. The same goes for the growth of mental...