Thinking about the economic growth of a nation is thinking about a series of alternatives. This research article examines the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in Peru using cointegration models to present development alternatives. The main objective is to analyze the influence of energy consumption on long-term economic growth. To achieve this, a methodology is used that begins with the Unit Root tests and data is collected between 2005 and 2018. The results obtained reveal a significant positive relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in the long term, which indicates that an increase in energy consumption has a positive impact on economic growth. These findings reveal the importance of considering additional and structural factors that influence long-term economic growth. In conclusion, this study contributes to the understanding of the dy...

The paper develops a model that improves the measurement of correlations present in stress scenarios through the use of copulas, reorders the propagation of shocks and involves expert judgments to improve predictions through a Bayesian VAR, it is shown that, under scenarios of a systemic crisis, losses can reach high percentages. Considering a loss rate associated with counterparty default of 45% and a default threshold between 4% and 8% suggested by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, it is estimated that an external shock can generate falls of more than 10% in the different financial variables: the savings rate, stock market indexes, the exchange rate, among others. If a counterparty defaults, it generates 45% of the associated losses (exposure), each institution absorbs 45% of its exposures. The model constructed is applicable to regulatory agencies because it exposes a propag...

Globally, high-cost diseases are generating a loss of social efficiency in a tendential manner, different causes are generated by these diseases, but the consequences for social insurance are reflected in unsustainable increases in costs. This work intends to serve as support to determine which diseases can be considered as high cost based on a frequency versus severity analysis, in such a way that it serves as support in the decision making of health policy makers, although the issue of high-cost diseases goes beyond a quantitative-qualitative model, especially for the health of people, this work aims to serve as a basis for a management of health services based on costs that complement the efficient and particular management of all kinds of high cost diseases.

The importance of the health sector is closely related to social welfare, since thinking about the health sector means thinking about a series of alternatives for improvement. Many of the hospitals that are built for the health sector are saturated with demand as soon as they are finished, this is a problem that may be associated with an erroneous perception of the demand for health services and that can be reflected in social unrest if it is not well calculated, in this sense, building a model that can nest the expectations of hospital saturation (logistics) with the hidden demand for health services is a great challenge for this research. As has been done in other countries, we will perform an econometric model to determine the additional percentage that should be considered when building a health center due to hidden demand, without generalities this model can be applied to other type...

The degree of spatial correlation between the regions shows that there is a contagion effect at the crime level, especially in the peripheral regions of Lima. A positive relationship has been found that progresses from region to region, from district to district, with positive trends and clear dependencies with income levels and population density, especially in the districts located in the cones, confirming that the model can contrast reality and predict future scenarios in terms of crime levels. Although the technology related to information storage is limited, we present an alternative for data collection and some codes for storing large volumes of data, especially those related to the georeferenced positions of high crime areas, which have served to find patterns of regional expansion of criminal acts, monitor them and propose alternatives for improvement.