Forest fires affect the soil with respect to its physical, chemical and biological properties; mainly showing intense degradation, as well as the modification of the concentration values of the essential components for the fertility and productivity of the resource, especially total nitrogen (NT), organic carbon (CO) and the carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N). The present meta-analysis aimed to analyze the effect of forest fires on the C/N ratio of the soil. In the meta-analysis, 5 areas affected by forest fires were studied: Huacraruco (2018), El Cañón de Sangal (2018) and La Sierra de Cazorla (2005, 2007 and 2008 respectively) with a sampling range of no more than 8 months. The Kjeldahl and Walkley and Black methods were taken into account to determine NT and CO respectively, from organic matter. Significant increases in NT and CO were observed, as well as a non-significant decrease in the ...

Statistical data of prevalence of neoplasms and risks in canines associated to age, sex and breed are not available in Quito, Ecuador. In the present study, 13 573 medical records from 2011 to 2014 were evaluated to identify animals diagnosed by cytology and histopathology as positive for some type of neoplasm. The prevalence of tumors in the population was 4.94%, and the most frequent location was in soft tissues (39.3%), skin and annexes (24.4%) and in females, in the mammary gland (14.3%). The relative risk of developing tumors was four times higher in animals older than 6 years of age; moreover, the predisposition of males to develop tumours skin and annexes was two times higher than in females. Purebred animals older than four years of age are up to 70% more likely to develop tumors than crossbred dogs of similar age.

En Quito, Ecuador, no se dispone de información estadística sobre la prevalencia de neoplasias ni su riesgo asociado a edad, sexo y raza de los caninos. En el presente estudio, a partir de 13 573 historias clínicas recabadas entre 2011 y 2014 se identificaron los animales que fueron diagnosticados mediante citología e histopatología como positivos a algún tipo de neoplasia. La prevalencia de tumoraciones en la población fue de 4.94%, siendo más frecuente en tejidos blandos (39.3%), piel y anexos (24.4%) y en hembras, en la glándula mamaria (14.3%). El riesgo relativo de desarrollar tumores fue cuatro veces mayor en animales de seis o más años de edad; asimismo, los machos son dos veces más predisponentes que las hembras a presentar tumoraciones en piel y anexos. Los animales de razas puras y mayores de cuatro años tendrían hasta 70% mayor probabilidad de desarrollar tumores...