Background: Among medical specialties, oncologists have been consistently identified as a group with heightened risk for Burnout Syndrome. Objective: The present study aimed to identify the frequency and predictive power of emotional labor and physician empathy for Burnout Syndrome in medical oncologists. Method: In a cross-sectional design, 128 physicians with 10 years of experience on average answered an online survey, including the Spanish Burnout Inventory (assessing enthusiasm towards the job, psychological exhaustion, indolence, and guilt), the Emotional Demand scale from the Questionnaire on the Experience and Assessment of Work, the Emotional Dissonance taken from the Frankfurt Emotion Work Scales, and the Jefferson Empathy Scale - Physician Version (assessing perspective-taking, compassionate care, and the ability to put oneself in the patient's place). Result:&nb...