In this speech by Isaiah Bowman, we are shown as a recognized classic reference of the North American school of geography and its relationship with Latin America, where Bowman manifests the great importance that maps play in guiding politics and also in the realization of economic activities, since the map is a technical instrument and not a mere attractive illustration, transcending a simple use as a war instrument where information is power, therefore it is key. Bowman performs a characterization analysis on the official cartography of Peru, Chile, Argentina, Bolivia and Brazil, places that he visited thanks to the Yale University expeditions between 1907 and 1913. Bowman in his works that he was not only limited to the physical geography of the central Andes of South America or the Andes of southern Peru, he also collected a lot of information on the oppression and exploitation of the...

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