We evaluated 10 accessions of Plukenetia volubilis L. "Sacha Inchi" from the National Collection of Research Branch, Genetic Resources and Biotechnology - SUDIRGEB Experimental Station "El Porvenir" - INIA and two wild ecotypes Apangurayacu (Plukenetia volubilis L.) and Lamas (Plukenetia huayllabambana) from the Province Lamas, San Martin Región in Perú; in order to determine the ploidy levels, time of collection of root tips, standardize the methodology for counting chromosomes and determine the number of chromosomes in Plukenetia volubilis L. and the kind Plukenetia huayllabambana. Established that the most appropriate collection of root tips is 12 hours with an MI of 13%. The number of chromosomes was performed using the prefixation: in 1% colchicine at 4 ° C for 8 hours, or 8-hydroxyquinoline at 0.0005M and 0.001M at 4 ° C for 6 and 8 hours respectively, or in distilled water chi...